Non-random co-occurrence of native and exotic plant species in Mediterranean grasslands

Miguel, Jesús M. de; Martín‐Forés, Irene; Gallo, Belén Acosta; Pozo, Alejandro del; Ovalle, Carlos; Sánchez-Jardón, Laura; Castro, Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.actao.2016.08.011

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…In general, the species partitioned the niche (an assemblage that was structured by resource partitioning) when the overlap value was significantly lower than the expected level of overlap, even in the absence of species interactions. In general, the species shared the niche when niche overlap was greater than the expected level of overlap, even in the absence of species interactions (Miguel et al, 2016).…”

Section: Pattern Of Species Co-existingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To determine if the communities inside and outside the fenced grasslands were randomly or non-randomly structured, we used null model systems to analyze species co-occurrence patterns based on the mean values of the presence-absence matrices for each site (McGee and Eaton, 2015;Miguel et al, 2016). Random patterns were compared with those observed in the community to obtain information about the underlying mechanisms (abiotic filters and biotic interactions) in community composition.…”

Section: Pattern Of Species Co-existingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The P-values in the report of EcoSim 7.0 provided information about the statistically significant difference of the observed index in relation to those obtained from 50,000 simulations (Gotelli and Entsminger, 2001). We performed the fixed-fixed null model, which has a low risk of Type I error, to simulate the randomly constructed assemblages (Gotelli and Entsminger, 2001;De Miguel et al, 2016). In this null model, both row sums (species) and all columns (plots) remain constant and equal to the original data matrix.…”

Section: Pattern Of Species Co-existingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing exclusion-induced shifts, the relative importance of environmental filtering, biotic interactions and dispersal limitation in shaping desert steppe communities, northern China

et al. 2018

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Grazing exclusion is one of the most efficient approaches to restore degraded grassland but may negatively affects the recovery of species diversity. Changes in plant species diversity should be a consequence of the ecological assembly process. Local community assembly is influenced by environmental filtering, biotic interactions, and dispersal. However, how these factors potentially contribute to changes to species diversity is poorly understood, especially in harsh environments. In this study, two management sites within a Stipa breviflora desert steppe community (typical natural steppe) were selected in northern China. In one of the two management sites, grazing has been excluded since 2010 and in the other with open grazing by sheep. In August 2016, three plots were established and 100 sampling units were created within each plot in a 5 m×5 m area at the two management sites. To assess the effects of grazing exclusion on S. breviflora steppe, we analyzed the vegetation biomass, species diversity, soil organic carbon, and soil particle size distribution using paired T-tests. In addition, variation partitioning was applied to determine the relative importance of environmental filtering and dispersal limitation. Null mode analysis was used to quantify the influence of biotic interactions in conjunction with EcoSim niche overlap and co-occurrence values. Our results demonstrated that (1) species diversity significantly decreased and the main improvements in soil quality occurred in the topsoil 0-10 cm after the grazing exclusion; (2) environmental filtering was important for community assembly between grazed and fenced grassland and this appears particularly true for soil particle size distribution, which may be well correlated with soil hydrological processes; and (3) however, competitive exclusion may play a significant role within the exclusion. The multiple pathways of assembly may collectively determine negative effects on the restoration of species diversity. Therefore, designers should be aware of the risk of reducing grazing exclusion-induced species diversity and account for manipulating processes. This in turn will reduce dominant species and promote environmental heterogeneity to maximize species diversity in semi-arid regions.

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Section: Pattern Of Species Co-existingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Pattern Of Species Co-existingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pattern Of Species Co-existingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing exclusion-induced shifts, the relative importance of environmental filtering, biotic interactions and dispersal limitation in shaping desert steppe communities, northern China

et al. 2018

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“…For example, Hejda, Pyšek, and Jarošík () found mainly negative effects on native plant communities across 13 alien species, and Morgan () reported negative correlations between alien species richness and cover with native species richness in species‐rich grasslands in southeastern Australia. However, several other studies reported neutral to positive interactions, mainly in mediterranean scrub and grassland in Australia, California, Chile, and Spain (Sax, ; Guo, ; de Miguel et al., ; Martín‐Forés et al., ; Martín‐Forés, Guerin, & Lowe, ). A recent global meta‐analysis found positive mean “native–exotic richness relationships” across all grain sizes (Peng, Kinlock, Gurevitch, & Peng, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Alien plants alter the growth form ratio and structure of Australian grasslands

Guerin

Martín‐Forés

Munroe

et al. 2019

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions Niche complementarity is often invoked to explain co‐existence between native and alien plant species in grasslands. However, positive correlations between native and alien plant diversity observed in recent studies could mask the displacement of particular native species and functional groups or the negative effects of particular alien species. We asked: do alien species alter the species composition or proportions of growth forms in grasslands? Do particular alien species decrease native plant diversity? Location South Australian grasslands. Methods We performed RDA ordination on growth form abundances or Hellinger‐transformed species abundances obtained from plot‐based surveys, constrained by alien species richness and cumulative cover. Control variables (climate, soil, land use and geographic space) were partialled out. We related individual alien species abundances to native richness, diversity and cover. We tested for functional differences between coexisting growth forms using trait hypervolumes. Results While alien richness and cover explained just 2% of variance in native species composition (control variables 17%), aliens explained 18% of variance in native growth form abundance (control variables 33%), and were associated with increased herb and grass cover. Few individual alien species were associated with strong negative or positive differences in native richness, diversity or cover: correlations followed a Gaussian distribution with near‐zero mean. Trait hypervolumes differed between native and alien herbs with an overlap of 0.44, indicating substantial, but not complete, functional differences. Conclusions Given environmental context, alien cover was a good predictor of native herb and grass abundance relative to woody growth forms, but not of species composition per se. While the direction of causality is equivocal, aliens may facilitate native grasses and herbs, and niche complementarity may be involved. Due to functional redundancy across the species pool, the resulting species composition appears to be spatially contingent. Importantly for management, we identify alien species associated with reduced native diversity.

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“…Community structure is a key determinant of ecosystem functioning (Hooper et al 2005, Bannar-Martin et al 2017, biodiversity conservation (Tylianakis et al 2010) and community stability (Landi et al 2018). In turn, the nonrandom structure of communities (Guillemot et al 2011, de Miguel et al 2016 is driven by numerous biological, ecological, anthropogenic and evolutionary forces (Dalsgaard et al 2013, Martín-González et al 2015, Ley et al 2017. Thus, disentangling the factors affecting the organization of ecological communities is essential for understanding ecosystem functioning and prioritizing conservation efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network structure of vertebrate scavenger assemblages at the global scale: drivers and ecosystem functioning implications

Sebastián‐González¹,

Morales‐Reyes²,

Botella³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Non-random co-occurrence of native and exotic plant species in Mediterranean grasslands

Cited by 13 publications

References 64 publications

Grazing exclusion-induced shifts, the relative importance of environmental filtering, biotic interactions and dispersal limitation in shaping desert steppe communities, northern China

Grazing exclusion-induced shifts, the relative importance of environmental filtering, biotic interactions and dispersal limitation in shaping desert steppe communities, northern China

Alien plants alter the growth form ratio and structure of Australian grasslands

Network structure of vertebrate scavenger assemblages at the global scale: drivers and ecosystem functioning implications

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