Non-primary CMV infection not always innocent. A case-report and literature review

Arnouts, Lieselot; Mechelen, Karen Van; Laroche, Sabrina; Meuwissen, Marije; Boudewyns, An; Martens, Michel; Mahieu, Ludo

doi:10.1080/17843286.2020.1773651

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Non-primary infections may occur either due to an infection with a different strain (reinfection) or as a result of reactivation of an endogenous strain. In recent years, the epidemiological importance of non-primary infections has received increasing attention, as studies have shown that non-primary infections can cause serious congenital infections in newborns [35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. The rate of maternal-fetal transmission after re-infection is often described as low, but it may be underestimated.…”

Section: Primary and Non-primary Maternal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

Sartori

Egloff

Hcini

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Cytomegalovirus infection is the most common congenital infection, affecting about 1% of births worldwide. Several primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies are already available during the prenatal period to help mitigate the immediate and long-term consequences of this infection. In this review, we aim to present and assess the efficacy of these strategies, including educating pregnant women and women of childbearing age on their knowledge of hygiene measures, development of vaccines, screening for cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy (systematic versus targeted), prenatal diagnosis and prognostic assessments, and preventive and curative treatments in utero.

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Section: Primary and Non-primary Maternal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

Sartori

Egloff

Hcini

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…Reduced sense of hearing may occur later than immediately after birth, and it may also progress. Therefore, even after preliminary audiological tests determining the child's hearing as normal, periodic check-ups should not be discontinued until the age of 6 [19,16,20].…”

Section: Abr (Click Stimuli)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of ABR Wave V Threshold in Early Hearing Diagnostics in Children from Selected Groups at Risk of Congenital Hearing Loss

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Upon hearing that the “little” patient has trouble with hearing, we are mostly interested in the level of his hearing threshold. When the child is in the first year of life, results can only be achieved by means of ABR test. Subsequent control tests, especially in children from the hearing loss risk groups selected in this study, show that the obtained outcomes are subject to fluctuations. Their fluctuating nature is manifested by the instability of wave V threshold in subsequent diagnostic periods. Such variability often delays the implementation of the appropriate proceeding. Knowledge of the dissimilarity of behavior of the wave V threshold occurring in individual groups at risk of hearing loss allows for the correct interpretation of the obtained results, and thus, effective therapeutic measures. Aim: The aim of the paper is to analyze the stability of wave V threshold during the first year of life in children from selected risk groups for congenital hearing disorders. Material and methods: From the patient population of 2,114 individuals examined in 2015–2016 at a reference center participating in the Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening Program in 2015–2016, the results of 250 children were subjected to retrospective analysis. Furthermore, 4 groups of little patients were formed (children with Down syndrome; children with other diseases or damage to the nervous system; children with cleft palate or cleft lip and cleft palate; children with congenital cytomegaly) in whom diagnostic practice revealed variable results of the wave V threshold. We analyzed the results of tests obtained during the first year of the child’s life divided into 4 diagnostic periods. Results: The highest percentage of instability in the established threshold of wave V between individual diagnostic periods occurred in the group of children with cleft palate or cleft lip and cleft palate. In the group of children with Down syndrome, it was observed that the instability of the ABR test results decreased over time. In the group of children with other diseases or damage of the nervous system, the highest percentage of the lack of stable ABR wave V thresholds was observed between the 1st and 2nd as well the 1st and 4th diagnostic periods. On the other hand, in the group of children with congenital CMV, there was a relatively low percentage of instability of results. Conclusions: (1) Although the ABR test is a diagnostic standard, in particular groups of patients the study is burdened with high variability of measurement results in subsequent diagnostic periods. Such a group of patients are children with cleft palate or cleft lip and cleft palate; therefore, it must receive particular attention in treatment planning; (2) in selected groups at risk of hearing loss, due to the high percentage of children with hearing impairment (70%), the validity of performing newborn hearing screening tests was confirmed.

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“…The urinary excretion of CMV is associated with an ongoing, active infection with an additional high risk of fetal infection [ 35 , 36 ]. The presence of CMV DNA in the blood is more frequent in primary infections, but it can also be present, at a decreased rate, in non-primary infections [ 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy

et al. 2022

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The objective of this review was to bring to attention cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy, taking into consideration all relevant aspects, such as maternal diagnosis, fetal infection and prevention, prenatal diagnosis, and postnatal prognosis. A literature review was performed regarding adult and congenital infection. General information regarding this viral infection and potential related medical conditions was provided, considering the issues of maternal infection during pregnancy, transmission to the fetus, and associated congenital infection management. Prenatal diagnosis includes maternal serum testing and the confirmation of the infection in amniotic fluid or fetal blood. Additionally, prenatal diagnosis requires imaging techniques, ultrasound, and complementary magnetic resonance to assess cortical and extracortical anomalies. Imaging findings can predict both fetal involvement and the postnatal prognosis of the newborn, but they are difficult to assess, even for highly trained physicians. In regard to fetal sequelae, the early diagnosis of a potential fetal infection is crucial, and methods to decrease fetal involvement should be considered. Postnatal evaluation is also important, because many newborns may be asymptomatic and clinical anomalies can be diagnosed when sequelae are permanent.

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Non-primary CMV infection not always innocent. A case-report and literature review

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

Stability of ABR Wave V Threshold in Early Hearing Diagnostics in Children from Selected Groups at Risk of Congenital Hearing Loss

An Overview of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy

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