Non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive difficulties in ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lambez, Bar; Harwood-Gross, Anna; Golumbic, Elana Zion; Rassovsky, Yuri

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.10.007

Cited by 128 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite these growing concerns, a chorus of support for the safety and efficacy of NF training has been developing, including meta-analyses showing its effectiveness for epilepsy, 67 ADHD, 68 and other disorders. This progress gives confidence of its application in SCZ treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients With Schizophrenia

Gandara

Pineda

Shu

et al. 2020

Schizophrenia Bulletin Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by positive symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), negative symptoms (anhedonia, social withdrawal) and marked cognitive deficits (memory, executive function, and attention). Current mainstays of treatment, including medications and psychotherapy, do not adequately address cognitive symptoms, which are essential for everyday functioning. However, recent advances in computational neurobiology have rekindled interest in neurofeedback (NF), a form of self-regulation or neuromodulation, in potentially alleviating cognitive symptoms in patients with SCZ. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the literature for NF studies in SCZ to identify lessons learned and to identify steps to move the field forward. Our findings reveal that NF studies to date consist mostly of case studies and small sample, single-group studies. Despite few randomized clinical trials, the results suggest that NF is feasible and that it leads to measurable changes in brain function. These findings indicate early proof-of-concept data that needs to be followed up by larger, randomized clinical trials, testing the efficacy of NF compared to well thought out placebos. We hope that such an undertaking by the field will lead to innovative solutions that address refractory symptoms and improve everyday functioning in patients with SCZ.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients With Schizophrenia

Gandara

Pineda

Shu

et al. 2020

Schizophrenia Bulletin Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Working memory problems and impaired sustained attention are characteristic symptoms of ADHD [2,57]. Improvement of symptomatology by cognitive training and psychological interventions aimed to increase the correlation between sustained attention and arousal has been evalued several times in the recent past [58][59][60][61]. However, benefits for behavioral transfer effects to measures of fluid intelligence after several weeks of a computerized working memory treatment requiring high cognitive load could not be confirmed satisfactorily and raised questions about the controversial usefulness of such training [22,24,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Attentional Modulation by Working Memory Training in Young Adult ADHD Patients during a Risky Decision-Making Task

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Working memory (WM) deficits and impaired decision making are among the characteristic symptoms of patients affected by attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The inattention associated with the disorder is likely to be due to functional deficits of the neural networks inhibiting irrelevant sensory input. In the presence of unnecessary information, a good decisional process is impaired and ADHD patients tend to take risky decisions. This study is aimed to test the hypothesis that the level of difficulty of a WM training (WMT) is affecting the top-down modulation of the attentional processes in a probabilistic gambling task. Methods: Event-related potentials (ERP) triggered by the choice of the amount wagered in the gambling task were recorded, before and after WMT with a the dual n-back task, in young ADHD adults and matched controls. For each group of participants, randomly assigned individuals were requested to perform WMT with a fixed baseline level of difficulty. The remaining participants were trained with a performance-dependent adaptive n-level of difficulty. Results: We compared the ERP recordings before and after 20 days of WMT in each subgroup. The analysis was focused on the time windows with at least three recording sites showing differences before and after training, after Bonferroni correction ( p < 0.05 ). In ADHD, the P1 wave component was selectively affected at frontal sites and its shape was recovered close to controls’ only after adaptive training. In controls, the strongest contrast was observed at parietal level with a left hemispheric dominance at latencies near 900 ms, more after baseline than after adaptive training. Conclusion: Partial restoration of early selective attentional processes in ADHD patients might occur after WMT with a high cognitive load. Modified frontal sites’ activities might constitute a neural marker of this effect in a gambling task. In controls, conversely, an increase in late parietal negativity might rather be a marker of an increase in transfer effects to fluid intelligence.

show abstract

“…Studies have found positive results from training in basic cognitive processes, leading to general improvement in executive functions (Johnstone et al, 2012;Dias and Seabra, 2016;Lambez et al, 2020;Veloso et al, 2020). Furthermore, studies show the benefit of combining training in executive functions with other therapeutic strategies such as training in self-instruction (Meichenbaum and Goodman, 1971), modeling, and selfreinforcement (and other behavior modification techniques), for the improvement of sustained attention, selective attention, planning, social skills, academic performance, and the principal symptomology of ADHD (Miranda et al, 2002;Arco Tirado et al, 2004;Pérez, 2007;Ramalho et al, 2011;Sun, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAGNITIVE: Effectiveness and Feasibility of a Cognitive Training Program Through Magic Tricks for Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. A Second Clinical Trial in Community Settings

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have explored the impact of magic tricks on different basic cognitive processes yet there is a need of examining effectiveness of a cognitive training program through magic tricks for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study examines the effectiveness and feasibility of the MAGNITIVE program, a manualized intervention for cognitive training through the learning of magic tricks. A total of 11 children with ADHD (from 8 to 12 years) participated in separated groups of two different community settings (hospital center and school), and were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and a 3-month later follow-up in different tasks involving processing speed, sustained attention, selective attention, and mental flexibility. Using non parametric statistical analyses and Reliable Change Index, the results showed that these children receiving MAGNITIVE particularly improved their performance in sustained attention, shifting attention, and mental flexibility, changes were also observed in processing speed performance yet further research is needed in terms of selective attention and inhibition, given the great individual differences within this sample. Changes were maintained when the program was finished. In terms of viability, the study proved a good treatment integrity in different contexts (hospital and school setting), adherence to the curriculum (attendance and some practice at home), and high levels of engagement satisfaction. In this second clinical trial, MAGNITIVE program appears to be a feasible training program for children with ADHD, as an alternative for medication when possible.

show abstract

Non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive difficulties in ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 128 publications

References 94 publications

A Systematic Review of the Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients With Schizophrenia

A Systematic Review of the Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients With Schizophrenia

Early Attentional Modulation by Working Memory Training in Young Adult ADHD Patients during a Risky Decision-Making Task

MAGNITIVE: Effectiveness and Feasibility of a Cognitive Training Program Through Magic Tricks for Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. A Second Clinical Trial in Community Settings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About