Non-Oncological Radiotherapy: A Review of Modern Approaches

Nardone, Valerio; D’Ippolito, E.; Grassi, Roberta; Sangiovanni, A.; Gagliardi, Federico; Marco, Giuseppina De; Menditti, Vittorio Salvatore; D’Ambrosio, Luca; Cioce, Fabrizio; Boldrini, Luca; Salvestrini, Viola; Greco, Carlo; Desideri, Isacco; Felice, Francesca De; D’Onofrio, Ida; Grassi, Roberto; Reginelli, Alfonso; Cappabianca, Salvatore

doi:10.3390/jpm12101677

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…RT is an integral component of cancer treatment, alongside surgery and systemic therapy. Nearly half of all cancer patients are estimated to undergo RT as part of their treatment [4][5][6][7]. Over the past few years, significant progress has been made in RT, driven by advancements in radiobiology, advanced imaging techniques, and innovative treatment delivery approaches [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Radiation Sensitivity by Cathepsin L Suppression in Colon Carcinoma Cells

Abdelaziz,

Hussein,

Kotob

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally. Radiotherapy/Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the most common and effective cancer treatments. RT utilizes high-energy radiation to damage the DNA of cancer cells, leading to their death or impairing their proliferation. However, radiation resistance remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, limiting its efficacy. Emerging evidence suggests that cathepsin L (cath L) contributes to radiation resistance through multiple mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of cath L, a member of the cysteine cathepsins (caths) in radiation sensitivity, and the potential reduction in radiation resistance by using the specific cath L inhibitor (Z-FY(tBu)DMK) or by knocking out cath L with CRISPR/Cas9 in colon carcinoma cells (caco-2). Cells were treated with different doses of radiation (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10), dose rate 3 Gy/min. In addition, the study conducted protein expression analysis by western blot and immunofluorescence assay, cytotoxicity MTT, and apoptosis assays. The results demonstrated that cath L was upregulated in response to radiation treatment, compared to non-irradiated cells. In addition, inhibiting or knocking out cath L led to increased radiosensitivity in contrast to the negative control group. This may indicate a reduced ability of cancer cells to recover from radiation-induced DNA damage, resulting in enhanced cell death. These findings highlight the possibility of targeting cath L as a therapeutic strategy to enhance the effectiveness of RT. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and to assess the translational implications of cath L knockout in clinical settings. Ultimately, these findings may contribute to the development of novel treatment approaches for improving outcomes of RT in cancer patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Radiation Sensitivity by Cathepsin L Suppression in Colon Carcinoma Cells

Abdelaziz,

Hussein,

Kotob

et al. 2023

IJMS

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show abstract

“…The high spatial resolution of this technic is especially suitable for innovations to diagnostic imaging of hands, wrists, and feet. A review of the modern approaches of non-oncological radiotherapy is proposed by V. Nardone et al [ 19 ]. Different disorders such as heart tachycardia, soft tissue disorders, muscle–skeletal disorders, osteoarthritis and osteoarthrosis, neurological disorders, and Graves’ ophthalmopathy are considered.…”

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confidence: 99%