Non-motor cues do not generate the perception of self-agency: A critique of cue-integration

When Did it Happen? Verbal Information About Causal Relations Affects Time Estimation

“…According to this interpretation, in ambiguous situations or in the face of fuzzy temporal judgments (as implemented in our experiments), participants' responses will be more influenced by the use of heuristics (e.g., "causally linked events are usually closer together in time") than by perceptions of time per se. This interpretation could explain not only the results of our current experiments, but also many of the results of the studies published to date on temporal binding (see Reddy, 2022aReddy, , 2022b. Although our experiments were not designed to test the heuristics' hypothesis, they do provide support for this hypothesis as compared to more traditional ones, because what our results show is that binding can occur in the absence of direct experience with the target events, and in the absence of direct experience with causal and temporal information.…”

“…Among all the interpretations that have been proposed, perhaps the one that may be most pertinent to our research is the use of heuristics and the influence these may have on participants' temporal judgments (e.g., Reddy, 2022aReddy, , 2022b. According to this interpretation, in ambiguous situations or in the face of fuzzy temporal judgments (as implemented in our experiments), participants' responses will be more influenced by the use of heuristics (e.g., "causally linked events are usually closer together in time") than by perceptions of time per se.…”