Non-lymphoid lesions that may mimic cutaneous hematopoietic neoplasms histologically

Wick, Mark R.; Cruz, Daniel J. Santa; Gru, Alejandro A.

doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2016.11.008

Cited by 3 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…4 , 6 Although Kazakov et al 16 reported 1 case of cutaneous lymphadenoma with a lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma component which metastasized to regional lymph nodes, the former is distinct and easily distinguished from the latter. 6 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Lymphadenoma Is a Distinct Trichoblastoma-like Lymphoepithelial Tumor With Diffuse Androgen Receptor Immunoreactivity, Notch1 Ligand in Reed-Sternberg–like Cells, and Common EGFR Somatic Mutations

Monteagudo

Fúnez

Sánchez‐Sendra³

et al. 2021

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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The term “cutaneous lymphadenoma” was coined in this journal for an unusual lymphoepithelial cutaneous adnexal neoplasm, possibly with immature pilosebaceous differentiation. Some authors further proposed that cutaneous lymphadenoma was an adamantinoid trichoblastoma. However, although a hair follicle differentiation is widely accepted, the fact that this is a lymphoepithelial tumor is not appropriately explained by the trichoblastoma hypothesis. Our goal was to further clarify the phenotypic and genotypic features of cutaneous lymphadenoma in a series of 11 cases. Histologically, a lobular architecture surrounded by a dense fibrous stroma was present in all cases. The lobules were composed of epithelial cells admixtured with small lymphocytes and isolated or clustered large Reed-Sternberg–like (RS-L) cells. The epithelial cells were diffusely positive for the hair follicle stem cell markers CK15, PHLDA1, and for androgen receptor. No immunostaining for markers of sebaceous differentiation was found. Intraepithelial lymphocytes were predominantly CD3 + , CD4 + , FoxP3 + T cells. RS-L cells showed both strong Jagged-1 and Notch1 cytoplasmic immunostaining. Androgen-regulated NKX3.1 nuclear immunostaining was present in a subset of large intralobular cells in all cases. Double immunostaining showed coexpression of NKX3.1 and CD30 in a subset of RS-L cells. No immunostaining for lymphocytic or epithelial markers was present in RS-L cells. EGFR, PIK3CA, and FGFR3 somatic mutations were found by next-generation sequencing in 56% of the cases. We consider that cutaneous lymphadenoma is a distinct benign lymphoepithelial tumor with androgen receptor and hair follicle bulge stem cell marker expression, RS-L cell-derived Notch1 ligand, and common EGFR gene mutations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Lymphadenoma Is a Distinct Trichoblastoma-like Lymphoepithelial Tumor With Diffuse Androgen Receptor Immunoreactivity, Notch1 Ligand in Reed-Sternberg–like Cells, and Common EGFR Somatic Mutations

Monteagudo

Fúnez

Sánchez‐Sendra³

et al. 2021

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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“…With regard to lymphoproliferative markers, CD45 is consistently negative in MCC tumors, along with vimentin, CD5, and CD20 . Three additional lymphoproliferative markers are nonetheless expressed in a significant proportion of MCCs, namely PAX5, CD99, and TdT . However, recent research has revealed that the immunohistochemical features of MCC are to some extent different in MCV‐positive and MCV‐negative tumors .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42 The resemblance of these two malignancies is related to clinical and microscopic appearances. 42,43 The immunohistochemical profile of MCC tumors is somewhat puzzling. The histology of MCC is typical of small round blue cell tumors, an entity that includes a wide variety of the following highly malignant tumors: the Ewing family of tumors, olfactory neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, lymphoma, desmoplastic small cell tumor, osteosarcoma, small cell lung carcinoma, small cell melanoma, and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…59,60 Three additional lymphoproliferative markers are nonetheless expressed in a significant proportion of MCCs, namely PAX5, CD99, and TdT. 42 However, recent research has revealed that the immunohistochemical features of MCC are to some extent different in MCV-positive and MCV-negative tumors. 61 Immunoglobulin expression seems to be restricted to MCV-positive tumors 31,32 and has been postulated to be induced by MCV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCC was first described in 1972 by Dr. Cyril Toker as “trabecular carcinoma” and was soon recognized as a potential mimicker of malignant lymphoma . The resemblance of these two malignancies is related to clinical and microscopic appearances . The immunohistochemical profile of MCC tumors is somewhat puzzling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and paired box gene 5 in Merkel cell carcinomas and its relation to the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA

Johansson¹,

Sahi

Koljonen

et al. 2018

J Cutan Pathol

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Background Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) tumor samples frequently express B‐lymphoid lineage markers. However, the reasons for expression of specific B‐lymphoid lineage markers are still unclear. We studied the expression of TdT and PAX5 (two B‐cell lymphoid lineage markers) in a large pool of MCC tissue microarray samples. Methods Immunoexpression and staining intensities of TdT and Pax‐5 were statistically correlated with patient, tumor, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV), and disease‐specific parameters. Results In a cohort of 117 MCC patients and their corresponding tumor samples, TdT was expressed in 37 (31.6%) samples and PAX5 in 26 (22.2%). Simultaneous immunostaining for TdT and PAX5 was observed in 13 (11.1%) samples. A statistically significant relationship was observed between MCV virus copy number and positive TdT expression (P = 0.0056). Similarly, a significant relationship was also observed between positive TdT and tumor MCV virus positivity (P = 0.000495). Conclusion We observed frequent TdT and PAX5 immunoexpression in MCC tumor samples. However, simultaneous immunoexpression of these markers was scarce. TdT expression was statistically significantly associated with MCV positivity. The absence of a statistically significant association between tumor parameters and disease progression markers undermines the systemic use of these markers in clinical practice.

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Pseudolymphomatous Atypical Fibroxanthoma

Castro

Viñolas-Cuadros

Moyano-Bueno

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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Atypical fibroxanthoma is a rare mesenchymal skin tumor of intermediate malignancy that typically occurs on sun-damaged skin of elderly patients. Histologically, it is composed of pleomorphic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, commonly arranged in a spindle cell pattern. Different histologic variants have been described during the past years. We present a case of atypical fibroxanthoma containing a dense inflammatory infiltrate, which in conjunction with the existence of immunoblast-like and Reed-Sternberg-like neoplastic cells could be misinterpreted as a lymphoid neoplasm. Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong positivity of tumor cells for CD10 and negativity for cytokeratins, p63, p40, S100, SOX10, ERG, actin, desmin, B and T-cell markers, BCL6, CD15, and CD30. The inflammatory infiltrate contained a mixed reactive T- and B-cell population with negative T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin heavy rearrangements. We discuss the differential diagnosis of this entity in which clinical, immunohistochemical, and molecular features are essential to avoid the diagnosis of a lymphoproliferative disease.

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Non-lymphoid lesions that may mimic cutaneous hematopoietic neoplasms histologically

Cited by 3 publications

References 79 publications

Cutaneous Lymphadenoma Is a Distinct Trichoblastoma-like Lymphoepithelial Tumor With Diffuse Androgen Receptor Immunoreactivity, Notch1 Ligand in Reed-Sternberg–like Cells, and Common EGFR Somatic Mutations

Cutaneous Lymphadenoma Is a Distinct Trichoblastoma-like Lymphoepithelial Tumor With Diffuse Androgen Receptor Immunoreactivity, Notch1 Ligand in Reed-Sternberg–like Cells, and Common EGFR Somatic Mutations

The expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and paired box gene 5 in Merkel cell carcinomas and its relation to the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA

Pseudolymphomatous Atypical Fibroxanthoma

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