Non-Linear PSInSAR Analysis of Deformation Patterns in Islamabad/Rawalpindi Region: Unveiling Tectonics and Earthquake-Driven Changes

Afzal, Zeeshan; Balz, Timo; Asghar, Aamir

doi:10.3390/rs16071194

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…This technique is estimating the deformation velocity mean over a specific time series, arising to accurate estimates of the deformation (Adam et al, 2009). In addition, several studies implemented PSInSAR to monitor and measuring the displacement adopting different deformation models, e.g., linear (Ferretti et al, 2001;Wright et al, 2001), seasonal, quadratic, non-linear deformation (Afzal et al, 2024;Jiang et al, 2021;F. Van Leijen, 2016; F. J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard PSInSAR approach: Experimental study on the sensitivity of different bounds change on the deformation

Ewais,

Balz

2024

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. An experimental study conducted on standard PSInSAR technique to check the sensitivity of different bounds on the deformation results. This study is motivated by the results obtained from employment of different parameter ranges, with the assumption of the linear behavior of the deformation. despite implementation of slight parameter change shows similarity in most of the PS points. However, significant PS points display slightly different deformation measurements and trends. This change in the PS points motivated an experimental study to evaluate, analyze and assess the results from each different bounds through searching the solution space to find the best fitting to the estimated model, besides assessing of the temporal coherence estimator as quality and fitting indicator. A high-resolution TerraSAR-X (TSX) dataset is used to estimate the deformation using linear model and check the behavior over time. These dataset cover Wuhan city as a case study within two years to avoid non-linearity in the deformation. The main part of this experiment is the descriptive of the statistics across all trials of different bounds. Then, assessing the measurement results of the trials, and the coherence estimator that used as a quality indicator to assess the quality of the PS points in comparison with the standard deviation. The results of the measurements indicate that while the coherence estimator select the PS points based on their stability and fitting to estimated model but does not provide a big difference as function of different bounds through searching the solution space. The results are confirmed with the available global Positioning system (GPS) station in our study area and displays similar trends and patterns over all the trials with slight differences with the different parameters range. The statistical analysis and assessment reveals differences in the velocity results and erroneous during changing the parameters range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard PSInSAR approach: Experimental study on the sensitivity of different bounds change on the deformation

Ewais,

Balz

2024

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Non-linear ground deformation detection and monitoring using time series InSAR along the coastal urban areas of Pakistan

Hussain,

Pan,

Afzal

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Conventional geodetic methods rely on point measurements, which have drawbacks for detecting and tracking geologic disasters at speci c locations. In this study, the time-series InSAR approach was incorporated to estimate non-linear surface deformation caused by tectonic, shoreline reclamation, and other anthropogenic activities in economically important urban regions of Pakistan's southern coast, which possesses around 270 km. The shoreline is extended from the low-populated area on the premises of the Hub River in the west to the highly populated Karachi city and Eastern Industrial Zone, where we collected the Sentinel-1A C-band data from 2017 to 2023 to address urban security and threats to human life and property. The main advantage of opting for the non-linear persistent scatterer interferometric SAR (PSInSAR) approach for this study is that it exposes minute movements without any prior consideration of conventional monitoring techniques, making it valid in continuously varying regions. A vertical displacement range of −170 mm to +80 mm per year was found, which was used to investigate the potential correlation with the most effective causative parameters of deformation. The densely populated areas of the study area experience an annual subsidence of 170 mm, and the less populated western region experiences an uplift of 82 mm annually. Land deformation varies along the coast of the study area, where the eastern region is highly reclaimed and is affected by erosion.Groundwater table-depleting regions experienced high levels of land subsidence, and tectonic activities controlled vertical displacement in the region. Major variation was detected after an earthquake occurred along fault lines. This study was designed because a non-linear approach is required to address ground movement activities acutely, and it will make it possible to plan surface infrastructure and handle issues brought on by subsidence more effectively.

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Non-Linear PSInSAR Analysis of Deformation Patterns in Islamabad/Rawalpindi Region: Unveiling Tectonics and Earthquake-Driven Changes

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

Standard PSInSAR approach: Experimental study on the sensitivity of different bounds change on the deformation

Standard PSInSAR approach: Experimental study on the sensitivity of different bounds change on the deformation

Non-linear ground deformation detection and monitoring using time series InSAR along the coastal urban areas of Pakistan

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