Non-linear photochemical pathways in laser-induced atmospheric aerosol formation

Mongin, Denis; Slowik, Jay G.; Schubert, Elise; Brisset, Jean-Gabriel; Berti, Nicolas; Moret, Michel; Prévôt, Andrê S. H.; Baltensperger, Urs; Kasparian, Jérôme; Wolf, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1038/srep14978

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…‘Acid rain’ would be an eventual concern if the experiment were to be carried out in the atmosphere. However, a very recent experimental finding by the Geneva group 45 demonstrated that naturally existing NH 3 in the atmosphere would neutralize a major part of the filament generated HNO 3 resulting in the creation of NH 4 NO 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser filament induced condensation and precipitation in a cloud chamber

Liu

Liang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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A unified picture of femtosecond laser induced precipitation in a cloud chamber is proposed. Among the three principal consequences of filamentation from the point of view of thermodynamics, namely, generation of chemicals, shock waves and thermal air flow motion (due to convection), the last one turns out to be the principal cause. Much of the filament induced chemicals would stick onto the existing background CCN’s (Cloud Condensation Nuclei) through collision making the latter more active. Strong mixing of air having a large temperature gradient would result in supersaturation in which the background CCN’s would grow efficiently into water/ice/snow. This conclusion was supported by two independent experiments using pure heating or a fan to imitate the laser-induced thermal effect or the strong air flow motion, respectively. Without the assistance of any shock wave and chemical CCN’s arising from laser filament, condensation and precipitation occurred. Meanwhile we believe that latent heat release during condensation /precipitation would enhance the air flow for mixing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser filament induced condensation and precipitation in a cloud chamber

Liu

Liang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…The plasma density is in the range of ∼10 14 -10 16 cm −3 , depending on the focusing condition [20][21][22]. Under atmospheric conditions, due to the existence of water and other compounds, highly hygroscopic acids, such as HNO 3 or salt in the form of NH 3 NO 3 are finally created following the complex oxidation reactions [12,23,24]. The resulting concentration of HNO 3 is in the ppm range [12,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser filament-assisted AgI-type pyrotechnic nucleant-induced water condensation in cloud chamber

Sun¹,

Liu²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

Opt. Express

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AgI-type pyrotechnics are widely used in the field of weather modification, as a kind of artificial ice nuclei. However, their precipitation yield remains an intensively studied area. In this paper, we present a study of AgI-type pyrotechnic nucleant-induced water condensation promoted by femtosecond laser filaments in a cloud chamber. It is found that when 50-ml sample was irradiated by the laser filaments, the particles condensed on the glass slide are more soluble and slightly larger (5-15 μm). The irradiation of the laser filament on the nucleant rarely induces the generation of particles of sizes larger than 1 μm; however, it increases the decay time of particles from 13 to 18 min by the creation of numerous small particles. The amount of snow on the cold bottom plate increases by 4.2-13.1% in 2 h, compared to that without the irradiation of the laser filament. These results are associated with the production of high-concentration HNO 3 by the laser filament. The concentration of HNO 3 in the melt water increases by more than ten times when the sample was irradiated by the laser filaments.

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“…Several studies on this subject have been reported 20–28 . The femtosecond laser filament can locally generate large ozone and NO x concentrations in the air through the multiphoton dissociation and ionization of oxygen, which leads to the production of HNO 3 , trace gases, and oxidized volatile organics 26 . The hygroscopic HNO 3 is identified as the major contributor to the particle growth in the form of NH 4 NO 3 for a relative humidity larger than 70%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum-target-assisted femtosecond-laser-filament-induced water condensation and snow formation in a cloud chamber

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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We compare the water condensation and snow formation induced by a femtosecond laser filament with that when the filament is assisted by an aluminum target located at different positions along the filament. We reveal that the laser-filament-induced water condensation and snow formation assisted by the aluminum target are more efficient compared with those obtained without the assistance of the aluminum target. We find that the mass of the snow induced by the laser filament is the largest when the aluminum target is located at the end of the filament, smaller when it is at the middle of the filament, and the smallest at the beginning of the filament. These findings indicate that a higher plasma density and the generation of vortex pairs below the filament are important for enhancing the efficiency and yield of the laser-induced water condensation and precipitation. The higher plasma density provides more cloud condensation nuclei and facilitates the water condensation; vortex pairs below the filament are favourable to the growth of particles up to larger sizes.

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Non-linear photochemical pathways in laser-induced atmospheric aerosol formation

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Femtosecond laser filament induced condensation and precipitation in a cloud chamber

Femtosecond laser filament induced condensation and precipitation in a cloud chamber

Femtosecond laser filament-assisted AgI-type pyrotechnic nucleant-induced water condensation in cloud chamber

Aluminum-target-assisted femtosecond-laser-filament-induced water condensation and snow formation in a cloud chamber

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