Non - linear electrical properties of proton semiconductors and dielectrics

Kalytka, V. A.; Nikonova, Tatyana

doi:10.1109/apeie.2016.7807079

Cited by 2 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Currently, quite a large amount of experimental data have been accumulated on the use of proton semiconductors and dielectrics (PSCD), mainly in the field of electrochemical technologies and physical chemistry (when developing solid-state electrolytes (perovskites, orthoperiodates and alkali metal biperiodates of alkali metals) [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. At the same time, there are not many practical applications of PSCD properties [17,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32] in the field of theoretical electrical engineering [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], physical electronics and microelectronics [42].…”

Section: Scientific and Practical Significance Of The Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Studies of Nonlinear Relaxation Electrophysical Phenomena in Dielectrics with Ionic–Molecular Chemical Bonds in a Wide Range of Fields and Temperatures

et al. 2022

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This paper is devoted to the development of generalized (for a wide range of fields (100 kV/m–1000 MV/m) and temperatures (0–1500 K) in the radio frequency range (1 kHz–500 MHz)) methods for the theoretical investigation of the physical mechanism of nonlinear kinetic phenomena during the establishment of the relaxation polarization, due to the diffusion motion of the main charge carriers in dielectrics with ionic–molecular chemical bonds (hydrogen-bonded crystals (HBC), including layered silicates, crystalline hydrates and corundum–zirconium ceramics (CZC), etc.) in an electric field. The influence of the nonlinearities equations of the initial phenomenological model of dielectric relaxation (in HBC-proton relaxation) on the mechanism for the formation of volume–charge polarization in solid dielectrics is analyzed. The solutions for the nonlinear kinetic Fokker–Planck equation, together with the Poisson equation, for the model of blocked electrodes are built in an infinite approximation (including all orders k of smallness without dimensional parameters) of perturbation theory for an arbitrary order r of the frequency harmonic of an alternating external polarizing field. It has been established that the polarization nonlinearities in ion-molecular dielectrics, already detected at the fundamental frequency, are interpreted in the mathematical model (for the first time in this work) as interactions of the relaxation modes of the volume charge density calculated on different orders of spatial Fourier harmonics. At the fundamental frequency of the field, an analytical generalized expression is written for complex dielectric permittivity (CDP), which is expressed analytically in terms of special relaxation parameters, which are quite complex real functions in the fields of frequency and temperature. The theoretical CDP and the dielectric loss tangent spectra studied depend on the nature of the relaxation processes in the selected temperature range (Maxwell and diffusion relaxation; thermally activated and tunneling relaxation), which is relevant from the point of view of choosing exact calculation formulas when analyzing the optimal operating modes of functional elements (based on dielectrics and their composites) for circuits of instrumentation, radio engineering and power equipment in real industrial production.

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Section: Scientific and Practical Significance Of The Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Studies of Nonlinear Relaxation Electrophysical Phenomena in Dielectrics with Ionic–Molecular Chemical Bonds in a Wide Range of Fields and Temperatures

et al. 2022

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“…Studies of the electrophysical properties of HBC-class crystals are based on precision measurements of the temperature spectra of thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC) and the frequency-temperature spectra of the dielectric loss angle tangent tgδ exp (ω, T) [75,78,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. In [90], the methodologies of experimental studies and semi-empirical estimates of the characteristic parameters of crystals under various external conditions of the experiment (polarization temperature; polarizing field strength; external mechanical stresses) and methods of processing samples (doping, calcination, etc.)…”

Section: Dielectric Relaxation Mechanism In Hbc Comparative Analysis ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…under the ion-molecular subsystem is meant. The geometric model of the problem is taken to be three-dimensional, where the potential field of the proton-anion interaction is taken to be one-dimensional and oriented along the line of hydrogen bonds (along the crystal axis), and the potential field of the proton-ion interaction is taken to be two-dimensional and oriented along the lines of bonds of the proton with ionic groups and molecules [83,84].…”

Section: Statement Of the Quantum Mechanical Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rigorous analytical studies of phonon subsystems would require the study, at the numerical level, of the structure and parameters of all branches of the energy spectrum of particles (ions; in particular, anions) making complex mechanical motions of vibrational character, interpreted in equations for the displacements of ions relative to equilibrium positions localized in the nodes of the crystal lattice or its sublattices (anionic and ionic). However, in general this paper is semi-theoretical, semi-experimental in nature and, to a large extent, is based on a number of assumptions derived from experimental results [83]. Thus, the Hamiltonian of the anionic subsystem transformed by methods of secondary quantization to the Hamiltonian of the one phonon subsystem Ĥ(0) A,C → ĤA,ph = ∑ kα Ω kα ĉ+ kα ĉkα + 1 2 , is characterized by the energy spectrum E A,kα = Ω kα n A,kα + 1 2 , determined by the frequency spectrum of anion vibrations.…”

Section: Study Of the Hamiltonian Of The Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 3N S , N S -total number of ions in one unit cell. In view of the fact that this paper relies heavily on the experimental results [83], we take into account that the experimentally measured vibrational frequencies of anions in HBC are ν A,kα ∼ = ν A,0 ≈ 10 10 ÷ 10 11 s −1 , which is substantially lower than the natural frequencies of proton vibrations in the potential well in HBC ν 0 ≈ 10 12 ÷ 10 13 s −1 [81,83]. Under such conditions, at the formal level, in order to simplify the mathematical model, we shall restrict ourselves at this stage of research, albeit roughly but experimentally justified approximation, assuming that the perturbations caused by the phonon subsystem of anions are insignificant against the background of proton fluctuations in the HBC.…”

Section: Study Of the Hamiltonian Of The Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical and Mathematical Models of Quantum Dielectric Relaxation in Electrical and Optoelectric Elements Based on Hydrogen-Bonded Crystals

Kalytka,

Mekhtiyev,

Neshina

et al. 2023

Crystals

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The quantum statistical properties of the proton subsystem in hydrogen-bonded crystals (HBC) are investigated. Based on the non-stationary Liouville operator equation (taking into account a number of assumptions established in the experiment), a quantum kinetic equation is constructed for the ensemble of non-interacting protons (an ideal proton gas) moving in the crystal potential image perturbed by the external electric field. The balanced density matrix for the unperturbed proton subsystem is constructed using the quantum canonical Gibbs distribution, and the non-balanced density matrix is calculated from the solutions of the nonlinear quantum kinetic equation by methods in linear approximation of perturbation theory for the blocking electrode model. Full quantum mechanical averaging of the polarization operator makes it possible to study the theoretical frequency-temperature spectra of the complex dielectric permittivity (CDP) calculated using quantum relaxation parameters that differ significantly from their semiclassical counterparts. A scheme is presented for an analytical study of the dielectric loss tangent in the region of quantum nonlinear relaxation in HBC. The results obtained in the given paper are of scientific interest in developing the theoretical foundations of proton conduction processes in energy-independent memory elements (with anomalously high residual polarization) based on thin films of ferroelectric materials in the ultralow temperature range (1–10 K). The theoretical results obtained have a direct application to the study of the tunneling mechanisms of spontaneous polarization in ferroelectric HBC with a rectangular hysteresis loop, in particular in crystals of potassium dideutrophosphate (KDP), widely used in nonlinear optics and laser technology. The quantum properties of proton relaxation in HBC can be applied in the future to the study of solid-state electrolytes with high proton conductivity for hydrogen energy, capacitor technology (superionics, varicodes), and elements of MIS and MSM structures in the development of resonant tunnel diodes for microelectronics and computer technology.

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Non - linear electrical properties of proton semiconductors and dielectrics

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Theoretical Studies of Nonlinear Relaxation Electrophysical Phenomena in Dielectrics with Ionic–Molecular Chemical Bonds in a Wide Range of Fields and Temperatures

Theoretical Studies of Nonlinear Relaxation Electrophysical Phenomena in Dielectrics with Ionic–Molecular Chemical Bonds in a Wide Range of Fields and Temperatures

Physical and Mathematical Models of Quantum Dielectric Relaxation in Electrical and Optoelectric Elements Based on Hydrogen-Bonded Crystals

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