Non-linear effects on radiation propagation around a charged compact object

Abstract

The propagation of non-linear electromagnetic waves is carefully analyzed on a curved spacetime created by static spherically symmetric mass and charge distribution. We compute how non-linear electrodynamics affects the geodesic deviation and the redshift of photons propagating near this massive charged object. In the first order approximation, the effects of electromagnetic self-interaction can be distinguished from the usual Reissner-Nordström terms. In the particular case of Euler-Heisenberg effective Lagrangian, we find that these self-interaction effects might be important near extremal compact charged objects.Generalizations of Maxwell electrodynamics have been proposed since it was established and they are motivated by several reasons such as experimental constraints on the eventual photon mass [1-3], classical aspects of vacuum polarization [4,5], electrodynamics in the context of strings and superstrings [6-10], etc. Among the several generalizations, there is a group known as Nonlinear Electrodynamics (NLED) which is characterized by presenting nonlinear field equations. Examples of NLED are Born-Infeld theory [11][12][13][14] and Euler-Heisenberg electrodynamics [4]. The former was proposed to limit the maximum value of the electric field of a point charge [15] and the last arises as an effective action of one-loop QED [16].Since the decade of 1980, several applications of NLED in the context of gravitation were proposed [17][18][19][20][21][22], including applications to cosmology [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and spherically symmetric solutions of charged Black Holes (BH) [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Moreover, generalizations of Reissner-Nordström solution with NLED were studied where stability and thermodynamics properties of the BH were analyzed [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. In particular, the geodesic motion of test particles around Born-Infeld BH was studied in Linares et al. [46] and references therein. However, in most of the papers found

Frequency Shifts of photons emitted from geodesics of nonlinear electromagnetic black holes

“…In figure (12) it can be observed that z massless < z ph < z RN , when we consider z redshift in function of q/q c where q c = M.…”

“…Also in [12], the non-linear electrodynamics effects on the geodesic deviation and the redshift of photons propagating near spherically symmetric mass and charge distributions are analyzed up to the first-order considering the effective metric.…”

Gravitational Lensing of Charged Ayon-Beato-Garcia Black Holes and Nonlinear Effects of Maxwell Fields

“…Nonlinear counterpart of the Maxwell stress tensor causes to deviate the photon geodesics where the photons do not move along the null geodesics. Usually one use an effective metric to study gravitational lensing of the light rays moving on such a charged black holes metric [41][42][43][44]. In the following section we seek effective metric of the ABG black hole for photon trajectories.…”

“…Furthermore we should point that the nonsingular charged black holes obtained from NEM models in curved space times cause that the photons do not move along null geodesics. As an applicable approach we must be obtain corresponding effective metric for geodesics of moving photons [42][43][44][45] and so study their gravitational lensing. The black hole electric charge has also important effects on final state of the Hawking radiation and switching off effects of a quantum evaporating black hole (see for instance [46]).…”

Constraining Born–Infeld-like nonlinear electrodynamics using hydrogen’s ionization energy

“…Logarithmic and Exponential electrodynamics [6][7][8][9] -and the NLED became a class of electromagnetic theories [10]. This class of theories has applications in several branches of physics being particularly interesting in systems where the NLED are minimally coupled with gravitation as in the cases of charged black holes [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and cosmology [18][19][20][21][22].…”