“…To account for computational efficiency, the CR method has been developed. Currently, to conduct aeroelastic analyses of HARW, many researchers have developed nonlinear spar [24,25], rod [26], and shell [27][28][29][30] elements using the CR method. Kirsch et al [31] also developed a calculation program specifically for the aeroelastic analysis of flexible aircraft.…”
High aspect ratio wing (HARW) structures will deform greatly under aerodynamic loads, and changes in the stiffness will have a great impact on the flutter characteristics of such wings. Based on this, this paper presents an effective method to determine the effect of the stiffness on the flutter characteristics of HARWs. Based on the calculation theory of the mechanical profile of thin-walled structures, the torsional stiffness and bending stiffness of the wing are obtained through calculation. We use the fluid-structure coupling method to analyze the flutter characteristics of the wing, and we use our research results based on the corotational (CR) method to perform structural calculations. The load is calculated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. The results show that, compared with the original wing, when the bending stiffness and torsional stiffness of the wing along the spanwise direction increase by 8.28% and 5.22%, respectively, the amplitude of the flutter decreases by approximately 30%. Increasing the stiffness in the range of 0.4 to 0.6 Mach has a greater impact on the flutter critical velocity, which increases by 12.03%. The greater the aircraft’s flight speed is, the more severe the stiffness affects the wing limit cycle oscillation (LCO) amplitude.
“…To account for computational efficiency, the CR method has been developed. Currently, to conduct aeroelastic analyses of HARW, many researchers have developed nonlinear spar [24,25], rod [26], and shell [27][28][29][30] elements using the CR method. Kirsch et al [31] also developed a calculation program specifically for the aeroelastic analysis of flexible aircraft.…”
High aspect ratio wing (HARW) structures will deform greatly under aerodynamic loads, and changes in the stiffness will have a great impact on the flutter characteristics of such wings. Based on this, this paper presents an effective method to determine the effect of the stiffness on the flutter characteristics of HARWs. Based on the calculation theory of the mechanical profile of thin-walled structures, the torsional stiffness and bending stiffness of the wing are obtained through calculation. We use the fluid-structure coupling method to analyze the flutter characteristics of the wing, and we use our research results based on the corotational (CR) method to perform structural calculations. The load is calculated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. The results show that, compared with the original wing, when the bending stiffness and torsional stiffness of the wing along the spanwise direction increase by 8.28% and 5.22%, respectively, the amplitude of the flutter decreases by approximately 30%. Increasing the stiffness in the range of 0.4 to 0.6 Mach has a greater impact on the flutter critical velocity, which increases by 12.03%. The greater the aircraft’s flight speed is, the more severe the stiffness affects the wing limit cycle oscillation (LCO) amplitude.
“…Thus, they have attracted considerable attention in a wide diversity of fields, e.g. architecture, mathematics, aerospace, civil engineering,() robotics() and biology . Note that the supporting frames play an important role in the construction of tensegrity structures, due to the reason that supporting frames and tensegrity elements are designed separately.…”
This study performs a series of numerical investigations of a novel energy-based control approach for effective vibration control of clustered tensegrity structures via different optimal active control algorithms. The comparative study among different control algorithms of clustered tensegrities are often challenging due to the geometrical non-linearity, complex loading conditions and assemblage uncertainties of structural components. In order to overcome these technical difficulties, an actuator input energy-based method is herein implemented to assess the optimal dynamic performances of clustered tensegrity structures via distinct optimal active control schemes. As a quantification tool, the structural displacement and elemental forces monitored from both the whole structure level and the elemental level were applied to assess control efficiency based on the same amount of actuator energy input. Specifically, the control efficiency comparisons are realized by setting identical energy input to actuated elements via linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) and ∞ algorithms. Different actuator placements of clustered cables and struts are considered and the control efficiency coefficients of the proposed method are examined through a spatial clustered tensegrity beam. The outcomes from the illustrative example indicate that the proposed method is efficient and reliable in comparative analyzing of different optimal active control schemes for clustered tensegrity structures, which implies the prospect of the investigated approach in analyzing and solving actual engineering problems. KEYWORDS active control algorithms, actuator placements, clustered tensegrity structures, control efficiency, energy-based control Struct Control Health Monit. 2018;25:e2215.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/stc
“…From literature, it is realized that research on tensegrity system [3][4][5][6][7] has been limited to the application of steel cables. Indeed, literature [1] indicates that the application of tensegrity system in a suspen dome has also been limited to steel cables [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], including research findings on static, dynamics, stability, fire resistance, pretension and geometrical imperfection of the cable structure.…”
In order to establish a conclusive result for the application of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) cable as a tensegrity system for a suspen dome, the structural integrity assessment of the system, subjected to transient load, must be considered. This paper gives a preliminary assessment of the dynamic behavior of carbon fibre reinforced polymer cable in a suspen dome in comparison with that of the steel counterpart, using a small model of 4 m span and 0.4 m rise. A commercial finite element software namely ANSYS was used for the structure simulation in respect of the experimental design. The results from the simulation show that the carbon fibre reinforced polymer cable gives a reliable assessment as the steel counterpart. The natural frequencies of CFRP cables are higher than those of steel cables due to the CFRP cables’ high stiffness-to-weight ratio and less curvature under gravity loads. CFRP cables influence the structure with good stiffness which provides good vibration resistance. The results also indicate that from a technical point of view, carbon fibre reinforced polymer cables can perform better than steel cables as tensegrity system for a suspen dome. It is concluded that CFRP cables can be applied to replace steel ones as tensegrity system for a suspen dome.
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