“…Monolayers and lipid bilayers (e.g., spherical bilayers and liposomes) are used as substitute models [ 1 , 2 ]. Changes in the understanding of membrane structure have occurred thanks to the use of several modern physical research techniques, including labeling atoms, electron microscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fluorescent probes, and X-ray imaging [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. As mentioned above, studies are conducted using simple models to better understand the properties of natural membranes.…”