Non-invasive studies of objects from cultural heritage

Lehmann, Eberhard; Vontobel, Peter; Deschler-Erb, Eckhard; Soares, Marie

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.013

Cited by 66 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…On the other hand the attenuation of thermal neutrons by hydrogen is much larger than for X-rays and very small layers of hydrogen containing material deliver high contrast [107]. In a collaboration between the Paul Scherrer Institute and the Swiss National museum, both in Zurich, the authors investigated various metallic object from Roman and Celtic origin [107]. The aim of their research involved the study of the interior structure of the objects, thereby obtaining information on their manufacturing process, their authenticity and potential changes applied by earlier restoration works.…”

Section: Technology and Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point, neutrons become valuable due to higher penetration for most of the relevant metals. On the other hand the attenuation of thermal neutrons by hydrogen is much larger than for X-rays and very small layers of hydrogen containing material deliver high contrast [107]. In a collaboration between the Paul Scherrer Institute and the Swiss National museum, both in Zurich, the authors investigated various metallic object from Roman and Celtic origin [107].…”

Section: Technology and Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-destructive analysis and testing of museum objects: An overview of 5 years of research

Adriaens

2005

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

115

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This paper gives an overview of research in or associated with the pan-European network COST Action G8, which aims at achieving a better preservation and conservation of our cultural heritage by increasing the knowledge of art and archaeological objects through advanced chemical and physical analyses. The paper is focussed on the use of various analytical techniques for the examination of cultural heritage materials and includes research examples on painted works of art, ceramics, glasses, glazes and metals. In addition attention is drawn to advances in analytical instrumentation, for example the development of portable techniques to perform analyses on site, and to the need for collaboration between people directly involved in the field of cultural heritage and analytical scientists. D

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Section: Technology and Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Technology and Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive analysis and testing of museum objects: An overview of 5 years of research

Adriaens

2005

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

115

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“…When it comes to patrimonial assets, standardized tests, which define the properties of the material reliably, are unfortunately destructive and not applicable in these cases. For these reasons is that the use of nondestructive methods is more appropriate for the initial diagnosis because the historically valuable material will not be damaged by measurement and will provide sufficiently precise information on the quality of the material at this time [9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of biodeterioration wood estate: use different techniques to obtain images

Alfieri

Correa

2018

Matéria (Rio J.)

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This study was based on the current status of locomotive turntable of Provincial Railway Station in La Plata. It was inaugurated in 1910 and it was declared as architectural heritage in 2006. The locomotive turntable is 200 meters from this station and it is a structure that consists in wooden slats of Schinopsis sp. into metal framework. Currently, this structure shows an advanced status of degradation caused by environmental and biological factors. The objective of this work was to determine the wood fungal degradation by non-destructive methods: area occupied by fungus (mycelium and basidiomata) were observed by X-ray radiography (XR) and Computer tomography (TC) and quantified by image analysis with ImageJ software. To establish the microstructural degradation (cell wall), ultrathin cut were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The radiographic images were analyzed by ImageJ and allowed to determinate that the affected area by wood decay fungus inside wood was higher than outside (superficial view). This confirms that external degradation did not correlate with the internal status. TC images showed internal wood structure loss, which were correlated with the presence of fungal hyphae along the entire slat. Finally, wood microstructure was analyzed by SEM, in these images could be observed the advanced deterioration status of the wood structure, where there are high fungal colonization (hyphae) and wood microstructure loss (the cell wall was degraded). This deterioration analysis allows an indirect measurement of the structural condition of the material without destroying it. It was concluded that degradation analysis by images is a non-destructive alternative, and validated methodology to determine material status. This is essential in heritage conservation because it allows defining correctly the degradation status that is useful to planning a conservation strategy, avoiding the asset loss.

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“…The exploration of the differences between neutron imaging and the more conventional X-ray imaging techniques is still one of the topics most emphasized in the most recent published works dealing with the application of neutron radiography and tomography in cultural heritage [12][13][14][15][16]. Generally, these are: (1) high penetration of neutrons through metals; and (2) sensitivity of neutrons to hydrocarbons of all kinds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Early/Middle Bronze Age copper and bronze axes by micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and neutron imaging techniques

Figueiredo

Pereira

Lopes

et al. 2016

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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Micro X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) analysis and neutron imaging techniques, namely 2D radiography and 3D tomography, have been applied for the study of four metal axes from the Early/Middle Bronze Age in Western Iberia, a period characterized by a metallurgical change in the use of copper to bronze. Micro-XRF analysis has shown that one of the axes was produced in copper with some arsenic while the other three were produced in a copper-tin alloy (bronze) with variable tin contents and some arsenic and lead. Neutron radiography and tomography were applied to study internal heterogeneities of the axes in a non-invasive way since the specificities of neutron interaction with matter allow a suitable penetration of these relatively thick copper-based objects when compared to the use of a conventional X-ray radiography. Neutron imaging allowed the visualization of internal fissures and pores and the evaluation of their distribution, size and shape. Relevant information for the reconstruction of ancient manufacturing techniques was gathered, revealing that one ax was produced with the mold in an angle of ≈25°, probably to facilitate gas escape during metal pouring. Also, information regarding physical weaknesses of the axes was collected, providing relevant data for their conservation. Novelty statement: The present paper combines the use of micro-XRF and neutron imaging techniques, namely (2D) radiography and (3D) tomography for the study of prehistoric metal axes. The XRF spectra allowed identifying major and minor elements present in the alloys, inferring on the absence of elements that could become radioactive for a long period of time after irradiation with neutrons. The specificities of neutron interaction with matter allowed a suitable penetration of these relatively thick copper-based objects when compared to the use of a conventional X-ray radiography. The combination of these non-destructive techniques allowed the evaluation of the metal composition and the internal structure of the axes. Micro-XRF allowed the distinction among copper and bronze axes, and provided data about the composition of early bronzes for which data is scarce. The neutron imaging study allowed for the first time the visualization of internal heterogeneities in early bronze axes, namely pores and large voids, providing relevant information for the reconstruction of ancient manufacturing techniques and raising pertinent information regarding physical weaknesses of these types of objects.

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Non-invasive studies of objects from cultural heritage

Cited by 66 publications

References 3 publications

Non-destructive analysis and testing of museum objects: An overview of 5 years of research

Non-destructive analysis and testing of museum objects: An overview of 5 years of research

Analysis of biodeterioration wood estate: use different techniques to obtain images

Investigating Early/Middle Bronze Age copper and bronze axes by micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and neutron imaging techniques

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