Non‐invasive spinal direct current simulation for spasticity therapy following spinal cord injury: mechanistic insights contributing to long‐term treatment effects

Gómez-Soriano, Julio; Megía-García, Álvaro; Serrano-Muñóz, Diego; Osuagwu, B.A.; Taylor, Julian

doi:10.1113/jp277740

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It induces changes in spinal cord physiology, nociceptive pathways, and cortical excitability, as well in the supraspinal centres [ 53 , 54 ]. On the other hand, large dissimilarities can be observed according to the participant’s physiology and anatomical parameters, such as age, sex, height, and weight [ 60 , 61 ]. The use of tsDCS is limited due to the large range of electrical currents that can be used in clinical settings [ 16 ] and the location of the electrodes, as even a 1 cm displacement can have a significant impact on the projected current flow pattern [ 62 ].…”

Section: Trans-spinal Direct Current Stimulation (Tsdcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tsDCS can facilitate cortical sensitivity and has been suggested as a promising solution for the comprehensive extension of neurological and psychiatric disorders [ 63 ]. It also helps to decrease pain severity, increase pain tolerance [ 55 , 56 ], reduce spasticity, and promote functional movements [ 60 , 61 , 64 ] (Kuck) [ 66 ]. Findings from various studies suggest that tsDCS is a noninvasive neuromodulation technology that can prevent neuronal dysfunctions which may develop after SCI.…”

Section: Trans-spinal Direct Current Stimulation (Tsdcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Functional Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Review

Rahman

Tharu

Gustin

et al. 2022

JCM

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most debilitating injuries in the world. Complications after SCI, such as respiratory issues, bowel/bladder incontinency, pressure ulcers, autonomic dysreflexia, spasticity, pain, etc., lead to immense suffering, a remarkable reduction in life expectancy, and even premature death. Traditional rehabilitations for people with SCI are often insignificant or ineffective due to the severity and complexity of the injury. However, the recent development of noninvasive electrical neuromodulation treatments to the spinal cord have shed a ray of hope for these individuals to regain some of their lost functions, a reduction in secondary complications, and an improvement in their life quality. For this review, 250 articles were screened and about 150 were included to summarize the two most promising noninvasive spinal cord electrical stimulation methods of SCI rehabilitation treatment, namely, trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) and trans-spinal pulsed current stimulation (tsPCS). Both treatments have demonstrated good success in not only improving the sensorimotor function, but also autonomic functions. Due to the noninvasive nature and lower costs of these treatments, in the coming years, we expect these treatments to be integrated into regular rehabilitation therapies worldwide.

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Section: Trans-spinal Direct Current Stimulation (Tsdcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trans-spinal Direct Current Stimulation (Tsdcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Functional Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Review

Rahman

Tharu

Gustin

et al. 2022

JCM

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Frequency‐Selective Suppression of Essential Tremor via Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation

Pascual‐Valdunciel,

Ibáñez,

Rocchi

et al. 2024

Movement Disorders

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BackgroundEssential tremor (ET) is a common debilitating condition, yet current treatments often fail to provide satisfactory relief. Transcutaneous spinal cord electrical stimulation (tSCS) has emerged as a potential noninvasive neuromodulation technique capable of disrupting the oscillatory activity underlying tremors.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the potential of tSCS to disrupt tremor in a frequency‐dependent manner in a cohort of patients with ET.MethodsEighteen patients with ET completed the study. The experiment consisted of 60‐s postural tremor recording, during tSCS at tremor frequency, at 1 Hz, at 21 Hz, no stimulation, and trapezius stimulation. Tremor frequency and amplitude were analyzed and compared across the conditions.ResultsWe found tremor amplitude reduction at tremor frequency stimulation significant only during the second half of the stimulation. The same stimulation resulted in the highest number of responders. tSCS at 1 Hz showed a trend toward decreased tremor amplitude in the latter half of stimulation. tSCS at 21 Hz did not produce any significant alterations in tremor, whereas trapezius stimulation exacerbated it. Notably, during tremor frequency stimulation, a subgroup of responders exhibited consistent synchronization between tremor phase and delivered stimulation, indicating tremor entrainment.ConclusionsCervical tSCS holds promise for alleviating postural tremor in patients with ET when delivered at the subject's tremor frequency. The observed changes in tremor amplitude likely result from the modulation of spinal cord circuits by tSCS, which disrupts the oscillatory drive to muscles by affecting afferent pathways or spinal reflexes. However, the possibility of an interplay between spinal and supraspinal centers cannot be discounted. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

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Effect of transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation on spasticity in upper motor neuron conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hassan,

Salihu,

Masta

et al. 2023

Spinal Cord

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Non‐invasive spinal direct current simulation for spasticity therapy following spinal cord injury: mechanistic insights contributing to long‐term treatment effects

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Functional Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Review

Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Functional Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Review

Frequency‐Selective Suppression of Essential Tremor via Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation

Effect of transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation on spasticity in upper motor neuron conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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