Non-Invasive Sediment Monitoring Methods

Threshold behavior of millennial scale variability in deep water hydrography inferred from a 1.1 Ma long record of sediment provenance at the southern Gardar Drift

“…Measurements were taken at 2.0 cm spacing. At Site 983 spectral reflectance data were obtained using the split core analyses track (SCAT) developed by the Oregon State University [ Ortiz and Rack , 1999]. Reflected light was measured in 1024 0.628 nm wide bands ranging from 250 to 950 nm.…”

Data report: X-ray fluorescence scanning of Site U1427, Yamato Basin, Expedition 346

“…Since its development, the scanning XRF method has become a standard tool for analyzing the bulk chemistry of sediments (e.g., Jansen et al, 1998;Ortiz and Rack, 1999;Croudace et al, 2006;Rothwell and Croudace, 2015). Unlike traditional methods for acquiring solid-phase geochemical data that are time consuming and require physical sampling of the sediment, the nondestructive nature of XRF core scanning makes it possible to acquire high-resolution geochemical data at a rate and sampling interval that would be impractical using conventional methods.…”

High resolution digital image treatment to color analysis on cores from IODP Expedition 339: Approaching lithologic features and bioturbational influence

“…Color data may provide valuable information on sediment composition and carbonate content (e.g., Balsam et al, 1999;Millwood et al, 2002), geochemical composition (e.g., Barranco et al, 1989;Nederbragt et al, 2006;Löwemark et al, 2012), distribution of laminated diatom ooze (Bodén and Backman, 1996), grain abundance (e.g., Bond et al, 1992), and mineralogy content (e.g., Giosan et al, 2002). Color variation has moreover been related to high resolution climate studies (e.g., Bond et al, 1992;Grousset et al, 1993;Ortiz and Rack, 1999;Helmke et al, 2002;Löwemark et al, 2008), sometimes through the analysis of components of varved deposits (e.g., Lindeberg and Ringberg, 1999;Petterson et al, 1999;Saarinen and Petterson, 2001); or it may serve to develop chronostratigraphic models (Jakobsson et al, 2000;Rogerson et al, 2006). Even so, scarce studies look into color to assess grain size information (Zhao et al, 2011), one of the main features considered in the characterization/ differentiation of contourites, turbidites and associated deposits, as those registered in IODP Expedition 339.…”