Non‐invasive monitoring of oxidative skin stress by ultraweak photon emission measurement. II: biological validation on ultraviolet A‐stressed skin

Abstract

Our data indicate that UVA irradiation induces UPE especially in deeper (living) skin layers, where antioxidants must be active in order to interfere with accelerated skin ageing. Based on the clinical data, and with knowledge of modulating external variables, UPE measurement following UV excitation can be qualified as a reliable and valid method for the non-invasive measurement of antioxidant efficacy on the skin.

Ultraweak photon emission induced by visible light and ultraviolet A radiation via photoactivated skin chromophores: <italic>in vivo</italic> charge coupled device imaging

“…28 In contrast, it has previously been demonstrated that spontaneous ultraweak photon emission is in the bluegreen region of the spectrum. [30][31][32][33] Employing immunoblotting techniques, it has recently been demonstrated that exposure of human skin to UV radiation results in the formation of C ¼ O in the human stratum corneum. 7,25 It was observed that UV-radiation-induced ultraweak photon emission in the human skin showed a maximum of photon emission in the spectral range 400 to 580 nm, supporting the assumption that 3 ðC ¼ OÞ Ã is a main source of ultraweak photon emission.…”

“…7,28 In contrast, it has previously been demonstrated that UVAinduced ultraweak photon emission is in the red region of the spectrum. [30][31][32][33] In our present study, we investigated the effect of visible light and UVA radiation on ultraweak photon emission by employing a highly sensitive charge coupled device (CCD) camera and a low-noise photomultiplier tube (PMT). The experimental results show that exposing human skin to UVA radiation enhances ultraweak photon emission, revealing oxidative stress in the human skin.…”

Spontaneous ultraweak photon emission imaging of oxidative metabolic processes in human skin: effect of molecular oxygen and antioxidant defense system

“…27,28 The ultraweak photon emission or weak chemiluminescence is the most frequent noninvasive technique used for the measurement of oxidative stress because of its direct correlation with the oxidative metabolic processes. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The effect of scavengers on ultraweak photon emission was studied in human skin exposed to various types of physical (ultraviolet and ultrasonic radiation) and chemical (hydrogen peroxide, ozone, cigarette smoke) stress factors. [30][31][32][33] It has been demonstrated that topical application of ascorbic acid prior to exposure of human skin to ultraviolet radiation (UV) significantly reduced UV-induced ultraweak photon emission.…”

“…[29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The effect of scavengers on ultraweak photon emission was studied in human skin exposed to various types of physical (ultraviolet and ultrasonic radiation) and chemical (hydrogen peroxide, ozone, cigarette smoke) stress factors. [30][31][32][33] It has been demonstrated that topical application of ascorbic acid prior to exposure of human skin to ultraviolet radiation (UV) significantly reduced UV-induced ultraweak photon emission. 33 More recently, a topical application of antioxidant system (tocopheryl acetate, ferulic acid, and rutin) on human skin has been shown to significantly decrease UV-induced ultraweak photon emission.…”

“…29 Hagens et al (2008) demonstrated that exposure of human skin to ozone and cigarette smoke caused an enhancement in ultraweak photon emission, whereas topical application of antioxidant (ascorbate and α-glucosylrutin) to human skin reduced ultraweak photon emission. 31 Whereas the application of ultraweak photon emission for the detection of the oxidative metabolic processes in human skin exposed to physical and chemical stress factors is widely used, the application of spontaneous ultraweak photon emission for the detection of oxidative processes in the skin the related to the normal metabolic processes, i.e., without the use of any exogenous stress factor has received less attention. As far as we know, no experimental evidence has been provided on the correlation of spontaneous ultraweak photon emission and oxidative metabolic processes in human skin.…”