Non-Invasive Magnetic Stimulation of Human Motor Cortex

Barker, Anthony T.; Jalinous, R.; Freeston, I.L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92413-4

Cited by 3,716 publications

(1,818 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One problem is the approach of activating the brain by external stimulation. In 1985, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was introduced as a neuroscience research tool able to focally and painlessly stimulate the cortex by means of a time-varying magnetic field (Barker, Jalinous, & Freeston, 1985). Although the application of TMS in sleep research is possible (Massimini et al, 2005(Massimini et al, , 2007, it is complicated due to the auditory artifacts and tactile sensations on the scalp (Noreika, Windt, Lenggenhager, & Karim, 2010).…”

Section: Tdcs Effects On Dream Luciditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in lucid dreaming: A tDCS study

Stumbrys

Erlacher

Schredl

2013

Consciousness and Cognition

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Section: Tdcs Effects On Dream Luciditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in lucid dreaming: A tDCS study

Stumbrys

Erlacher

Schredl

2013

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used to activate neuronal circuits in the central and peripheral nervous system [1]. Due to commonly occurring motor dysfunction in stroke, TMS is an appropriate tool to assess cortical and peripheral motor tract integrity and motor function recovery after stroke [9,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study on modulated corticospinal excitability throughout recovery in supratentorial stroke

Julkunen

Könönen

Määttä

et al. 2016

Neuroscience Letters

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Longitudinal study on modulated corticospinal excitability throughout recovery in supratentorial stroke, Neuroscience Letters http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.neulet.2016.02.014 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractCorticospinal excitability (CSE) is modulated by stroke-induced lesions affecting the brain. This modulation is known to be dependent on the timing of the evaluation, and strongest abnormalities are often found in the acute stage. Our study aimed to characterize changes in CSE asymmetry between the affected and the unaffected hemisphere (AH and UH) during the first month after stroke onset and at 6 month follow-up. Neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) was used to assess the CSE of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle of the hand and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of the leg in 16 patients over 5 time-points. AH excitability recovered significantly during 6 months, whereas interhemispheric asymmetry remained significant up to 1 month post-stroke in the APB muscle. Greater initial CSE was associated with good motor function at 6 months. The motor cortical excitatory recovery initiated within week of the stroke and was most prominent within 1 month after stroke onset. Lesion size correlated with CSE of the UH at 10 days, while overall severity of the symptoms correlated inversely with CSE of the AH. This study demonstrates the quick improvement in the CSE via estimation of interhemispheric asymmetry; however, the recovery in the asymmetry continues to normalize even after reaching the threshold for normal values in CSE.

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“…Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a non-invasive technique to stimulate the human cerebral cortex by a brief magnetic pulse through a coil put on the scalp [2], has been widely used in studies of human motor and cognitive functions as well as in clinical treatment. Biophysical mechanism underlying its e!ect is, however, largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of magnetic stimulation of neocortical neurons

et al. 2001

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been widely used in studies of human motor and cognitive functions as well as in clinical treatment. Biophysical mechanism underlying its e!ect is, however, largely unknown. Here, we develop a theory to calculate the e!ect of magnetic stimulation on arbitrary neuronal structure. Then, we employ a computer simulation which combines a realistic multicompartmental model of neocortical neurons and the calculation of the induced electric "eld. The simulation shows that a single magnetic pulse applied to model cortical neurons can induce brief burst "ring followed by a silent period of duration comparable to experimental data of TMS. Our simulation o!ers a new clue to understand physiology of TMS by demonstrating that magnetic stimulation acts on biophysics of the dendrites in neocortical neurons.

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Non-Invasive Magnetic Stimulation of Human Motor Cortex

Cited by 3,716 publications

References 5 publications

Testing the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in lucid dreaming: A tDCS study

Testing the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in lucid dreaming: A tDCS study

Longitudinal study on modulated corticospinal excitability throughout recovery in supratentorial stroke

A model of magnetic stimulation of neocortical neurons

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