Non‐invasive (intracapsular) carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: recognition of focal carcinoma by HER‐2/<i>neu</i> and MIB1 immunohistochemistry

Palma, Silvia; Skálová, Alena; Vanìèek, T; Simpson, Roderick H.W.; Stárek, Ivo; Leivo, Ilmo

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02058.x

Cited by 87 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Immunohistochemical staining of C-erbB-2 protein was found to be higher (21%) in cell membranes of high grade Ca ex PA [49]. Rosa et al [49] also found negative C-erbB-2 protein expression in low grade Ca ex PA, as did Di Palma et al [22] in their study of 11 Ca ex PA cases. These findings indicate that C-erbB-2 may play a role in tumour progression and malignant transformation of Ca ex PA. Anti-C-erbB-2 therapy (Herceptin) has been successfully used to control a case of advanced Ca ex PA.…”

Section: Growth Factors and Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Data

Antony

Gopalan

Smith

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

207

243

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Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (Ca ex PA) is a carcinoma arising from a primary or recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma. It often poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians and pathologists. This study intends to review the literature and highlight the current clinical and molecular perspectives about this entity. The most common clinical presentation of CA ex PA is of a firm mass in the parotid gland. The proportion of adenoma and carcinoma components determines the macroscopic features of this neoplasm. The entity is difficult to diagnose pre-operatively. Pathologic assessment is the gold standard for making the diagnosis. Treatment for Ca ex PA often involves an ablative surgical procedure which may be followed by radiotherapy. Overall, patients with Ca ex PA have a poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis and aggressive surgical management of patients presenting with Ca ex PA can increase their survival rates. Molecular studies have revealed that the development of Ca ex PA follows a multistep model of carcinogenesis, with the progressive loss of heterozygosity at chromosomal arms 8q, then 12q and finally 17p. There are specific candidate genes in these regions that are associated with particular stages in the progression of Ca ex PA. In addition, many genes which regulate tumour suppression, cell cycle control, growth factors and cell-cell adhesion play a role in the development and progression of Ca ex PA. It is hopeful that these molecular data can give clues for the diagnosis and management of the disease.

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Section: Growth Factors and Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…It is also known in the literature as intracapsular CA ex PA and carcinoma in situ [21,22]. The carcinoma component in a non-invasive Ca ex PA is confined within the well-defined fibrous capsule of the PA.…”

Section: Microscopicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Data

Antony

Gopalan

Smith

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

207

243

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“…The gain of genes or chromosome regions commonly occurs in tumour cells, but a recent study using FISH did not show evidence of HER-2 gene amplification in benign pleomorphic adenomas (30). Nonetheless, HER-2 amplification has been previously indicated as a common event in the process of PA transformation into carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (10). It has also been shown that HER-2 and TP53 are synergistically involved in the early stages of malignant transformation of PA (25,31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also functionally related to HER-2 and H-ras. To date, little is known about the involvement of HER-2/H-ras/c-myc signalling cascade in the development of PAs and about its possible prognostic significance in both PAs and CXPAs (10,24,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Mutation and Polymorphism Analysis in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Salivary Glands / SOMATSKE MUTACIJE I ANALIZA POLIMORFIZAMA U PLEOMORFNIM ADENOMIMA PLJUVAČNIH ŽLEZDA

Nikolic¹,

Aničić²,

Tepavčević³

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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Summary Background: Genetic studies of salivary gland neoplasms were mainly focused on chromosomal changes, and some specific patterns of chromosome translocations have been described. However, molecular alterations, in particular the role of HER-2/H-ras/c-myc signalling cascade in pleomor- phic adenoma pathogenesis (PA), are less well characterized. In addition, data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as potential susceptibility factors for PA development are also quite scarce. Methods: Mutational analyses were performed by means of real-time PCR (HER-2 and c-myc amplification analysis), PCR-SSCP and sequencing (H-ras point mutation detec- tion). Polymorphisms analysis was performed by PCR-RFLP (survivin and MMP-9 genes). Results: Amplification of HER-2 and c-myc has been found in 13% and 9% of PA cases respectively. Point mutations in H-ras codons 12/13 have been detected in 17% of PAs. No correlation could be established between these alterations and clinical characteristics of PAs, whereas they might play a role in a subset of malignant salivary gland tumours. As for survivin -31 G/C polymorphism, C allele carriers had a 4-fold decrease of the risk of developing PA (p=0.05). Carriers of the variant allele T of the -1562C/T SNP in MMP-9 gene had a 4-fold increase of the risk of developing PA (p<0.001). Conclusions: A longer follow-up of PA patients harbouring mutations could uncover a prognostic role of HER-2 and c- myc amplification as predictors of adenoma transformation into carcinoma. Both survivin and MMP-9 promoter poly- morphisms represent susceptibility factors for the develop- ment of PAs in the Serbian population.

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“…HER-2/neu is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma versus noninvasive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. This is especially true when there a suspicion that the pleomorphic adenoma includes a malignant component or shows malignant transformation 7 . Recent studies have revealed that the androgen receptor AR , Ki-67, and p53 may also be useful markers for this differential diagnosis, although they were not examined in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Cases of Noninvasive Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland and a Literature Survey Focusing on their Clinicopathologic Features

Mori

Kunimura

Saito

et al. 2010

Showa Univ J Med Sci

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IntroductionOnly 30 cases of non-invasive intra-capsular carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma have been reported in the English language literature [1][2][3][4][5] . Here, we report three cases of noninvasive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and we have carried out a literature survey. Table 1-1, 1-2 Case Reports Case 1A 61-year-old man was admitted to hospital, presenting with a mass in the parotid gland. The prognosis and therapeutic appoach will depend on evidence of capsular invasion. HER-2/neu is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma versus noninvasive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.

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Non‐invasive (intracapsular) carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: recognition of focal carcinoma by HER‐2/neu and MIB1 immunohistochemistry

Abstract: The current data suggest that non-invasive carcinoma ex PA is a genuine carcinoma within a PA. However, the presence of cyto-nuclear atypia is not sufficient to make a definite diagnosis of malignant change, which requires a combination of morphology and immunohistochemistry.

Cited by 87 publications

References 23 publications

Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Data

Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Data

Somatic Mutation and Polymorphism Analysis in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Salivary Glands / SOMATSKE MUTACIJE I ANALIZA POLIMORFIZAMA U PLEOMORFNIM ADENOMIMA PLJUVAČNIH ŽLEZDA

Three Cases of Noninvasive Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland and a Literature Survey Focusing on their Clinicopathologic Features

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