Non-Invasive Determination of Hemoglobin by Digital Photography of Palpebral Conjunctiva

Suner, Selim; Crawford, Gregory P.; McMurdy, John W.; Jay, Gregory D.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.02.011

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Further, quantification of Hgb from conjunctival pallor using digital photography has received attention. 17,18 The common agreement in the medical community is that this method still lacks sensitivity and specificity for anemia diagnosis in conventional clinical settings. As a result, these previous studies strongly indicate that RGB information would not be sufficient to have reliable correlations with actual Hgb content.…”

Section: Limitations Of Conventional Rgb-based Photometric Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 Indeed, optical assessment of the inner eyelid has received attention in anemic patients for assessing Hgb content from human individuals, which could be highly correlated with a lab-based blood Hgb test. [14][15][16][17][18][19] For accurate and precise Hgb measurements, typical spectroscopic technologies heavily rely on the use of spectrometers, spectrographs, and liquid tunable crystal filters. 20,21 However, these critical optical components for highly accurate and sensitive Hgb measurements significantly limit the development of compact, portable, and cost-effective devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward laboratory blood test-comparable photometric assessments for anemia in veterinary hematology

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Anemia associated with intestinal parasites and malnutrition is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in small ruminants worldwide. Qualitative scoring of conjunctival redness has been developed so that farmers can gauge anemia in sheep and goats to identify animals that require treatment. For clinically relevant anemia diagnosis, complete blood count-comparable quantitative methods often rely on complicated and expensive optical instruments, requiring detailed spectral information of hemoglobin. We report experimental and numerical results for simple, yet reliable, noninvasive hemoglobin detection that can be correlated with laboratory-based blood hemoglobin testing for anemia diagnosis. In our pilot animal study using calves, we exploit the third eyelid (i.e., palpebral conjunctiva) as an effective sensing site. To further test spectrometerfree (or spectrometerless) hemoglobin assessments, we implement full spectral reconstruction from RGB data and partial least square regression. The unique combination of RGB-based spectral reconstruction and partial least square regression could potentially offer uncomplicated instrumentation and avoid the use of a spectrometer, which is vital for realizing a compact and inexpensive hematology device for quantitative anemia detection in the farm field.

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Section: Limitations Of Conventional Rgb-based Photometric Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward laboratory blood test-comparable photometric assessments for anemia in veterinary hematology

et al. 2016

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“…Apart from the analysis of conjunctival hyperemia there are a lot of applications in ophthalmology and other specializations in medicine using such techniques. In ophthalmology, digital photography and analysis are used for diagnosis of the anterior eye segment [37], for vessel detection in corneal transplants [38], for analyzing the corneal involvement of pterygium conjunctivae [39,40], for noninvasive calculation of hemoglobin in the wide field of emergency medicine [41], for examining rotational stability of intraocular lenses [42], in diagnosis of dry eye [43] and in the observation of side effects of antiglaucomatous treatment [44]. In dermatology they are implemented for measuring erythema and edema of the skin prick test [45,46,47] or intradermal skin tests [48], for analyzing repigmentation during treatment of vitiligo [49], for quantification of skin lesions [50], and in diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis [51,52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objectifying the Conjunctival Provocation Test: Photography-Based Rating and Digital Analysis

Dogan

Astvatsatourov

Deserno

et al. 2013

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis are susceptible to both nasal and ocular symptoms. The conjunctival provocation test (CPT) is an established diagnostic procedure used in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, particularly to document a patient's current reactivity to allergens. To date, there are no international guidelines defining the CPT. No approved evaluation method exists for interpreting CPT results. This paper aims to establish the digital analysis of macroimages as an objective, validated and standardized method for interpreting CPT results. Methods: In a clinical immunotherapy trial with 155 patients, treatment progress was documented based on the CPT. Local investigators used a symptom score to grade tearing, reddening and the patients' subjective perception of symptoms (mucosal irritation). A central observer rated conjunctival hyperemia via digital photography. Digital image analysis software was utilized to determine conjunctival hyperemia. Results: Spearman's correlation between the local investigators' and the central observer's ratings was r = 0.729 (p < 0.001); the percentage of total agreement was 48% (based on 739 photos). Digital image analysis (based on 48 photos) had a high percentage of total agreement with the central observer's ratings (69%) but a low percentage of total agreement with the investigators' ratings (38%). The corresponding correlations were r = 0.264 and 0.064, respectively. Conclusion: Photography-based rating by a central observer may represent a valuable supplement to the local investigator's assessment for making an objective evaluation of CPT results. Digital image analysis possesses the potential of being an objective evaluation method compared to the wide-spread subjective evaluation by the investigators.

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“…Suner et al [6] used images of the palpebral conjunctiva to detect hemoglobin level. They took 117 digital pictures of 63 patients.…”

Section: Section 2 Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Real-Time Non-invasive Hemoglobin Level Detection Using Video Images from Smartphone Camera

Ahsan

Gani

Hasan

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE 41st Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

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Abstract:Hemoglobin level detection is necessary for evaluating health condition in the human. In the laboratory setting, it is detected by shining light through a small volume of blood and using a colorimetric electronic particle counting algorithm. This invasive process requires time, blood specimens, laboratory equipment, and facilities. There are also many studies on non-invasive hemoglobin level detection. Existing solutions are expensive and require buying additional devices. In this paper, we present a smartphone-based non-invasive hemoglobin detection method. It uses the video images collected from the fingertip of a person. We hypothesized that there is a significant relation between the fingertip mini-video images and the hemoglobin level by laboratory "gold standard." We also discussed other non-invasive methods and compared with our model. Finally, we described our findings and discussed future works.

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Non-Invasive Determination of Hemoglobin by Digital Photography of Palpebral Conjunctiva

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

Toward laboratory blood test-comparable photometric assessments for anemia in veterinary hematology

Toward laboratory blood test-comparable photometric assessments for anemia in veterinary hematology

Objectifying the Conjunctival Provocation Test: Photography-Based Rating and Digital Analysis

A Novel Real-Time Non-invasive Hemoglobin Level Detection Using Video Images from Smartphone Camera

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