Non‐invasive detection of antibiotics and physiological substances in the aqueous humor by raman spectroscopy

Abstract

This special illumination design gives the opportunity of avoiding the direct exposure to the laser light of basic cordial tissues of the eye, like lens and retina, although an optimum collection of scattered light is accomplished. Concentrations close to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) have been detected for ceftazidime and amphotericin b; the detection of glucose has been realized at concentrations close to the early pathological levels of patients with diabetes.

Biochemical analysis of the living human vitreous

“…Furthermore, these ante‐mortem data are a baseline that may improve the accuracy of post‐mortem interval estimates using vitreous samples. In addition, spectroscopic non‐invasive imaging techniques are being developed that could be used to provide clinical information about the vitreous biochemistry in disease states . Normative information from direct sampling will be critical to validate these emerging technologies.…”

Detection of Raman Spectra in Ocular Drugs for PotentialIn VivoApplication of Raman Spectroscopy

“…To perform such measurements safely in eyes of live subjects, we are currently developing an application that prevents the direct exposure of basic cordial tissues of the eye such as the lens and the retina to the laser light. Sideroudi et al 11 applied a 90°Raman scattering geometry to prevent such exposure, although reflections of the laser beam that traverses the eye or laser scattering within the eye could not be completely avoided.…”

“…10 In several studies, the local concentration of the antibiotic ceftazidime and the antifungal agent amphotericin B has been quantified in animal models. 1,11,12 Further, the antibiotic ciprofloxacin has been quantified in a model system mimicking the anterior chamber of the eye. 13 The feasibility of in vivo application of Raman spectroscopy has been already demonstrated in a pharmacokinetic study.…”

Improvements on the detectability of glucose from spectroscopic signals

“…The amount of physiological glucose level in the AH is (60mg/dl) and in diabetics it is (140mg/dl) [5]. Therefore, predicting the low analyte concentration from the vibrational spectra with significant accuracy and a short exposure time are important to use our Raman system as a feasible non-invasive detection device.…”