Non-intrusive estimation of PMD-induced penalty via high speed, high resolution spectral polarimeter

Wang, S.X.; Weiner, Andrew M.; Boroditsky, M.; Brodsky, Michael

doi:10.1109/ofc.2006.216009

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is clearly visible that the effective DGD correlates to the instantaneous PMD-induced distortion level. This is in good agreement with [3].…”

Section: Pmd Emulatorsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Since all non-disruptive methods have only the received data signal of one or more WDM channels available for analysis, these methods would observe a non-distorted signal although the link in-fact exhibits DGD. Hence, what these non-disruptive methods are measuring is the instantaneous PMD-induced signal distortion rather than the actual link DGD [2,3]. It is therefore useful to define a measure for the instantaneous signal distortion:…”

Section: Effective Differential Group Delaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For lower bit rates, coherent approaches such as proposed in [2][3][4][5] are promising to deliver the desired spectral resolution and the necessary sensitivity.…”

Section: Pmd Emulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-service characterization of optical links and signals with respect to PMD

Rosenfeldt

Werner

2010

SPIE Proceedings

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Tackling PMD has turned out to be one of the most puzzling problems during the advent of high speed optical transmission systems. It still seems far more attractive to avoid links with high PMD than to install an expensive PMDcompensator. Measuring the PMD of an installed fiber link can answer the question if this link can be operated with or without a PMD-compensator. Common test methods require exclusive access to the fiber link. This is considered to be a major limitation since it is not easy to reroute the traffic of a WDM system with many channels. This contribution discusses techniques to measure the PMD of a fiber link while it is in service ("In-Situ PMD Measurement"). These approaches can be applied to a single channel as well as to the whole received WDM signal and the fact that only single end access is needed makes them appear quite attractive. However, there are principal limitations which need to be understood in order to qualify a link. Performing these measurements while the link is in service will help network operators to smoothly upgrade to higher bit rates in their backbone networks.

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“…It is clearly visible that the effective DGD correlates to the instantaneous PMD-induced distortion level. This is in good agreement with [3].…”

Section: Pmd Emulatorsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Effective Differential Group Delaymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In-service characterization of optical links and signals with respect to PMD

Rosenfeldt

Werner

2010

SPIE Proceedings

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“…The spectrally resolved polarization state allows to derive information on the PMD-induced distortion. [5,6] …”

Section: • Verifying the Emulator Pmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since no manipulation on the transmitter side is necessary, these methods can easily be used in field applications [5,6]. Fig.…”

Section: Non-intrusive In-situ Pmd Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

PMD tolerance testing of optical interfaces

Rosenfeldt

2007

SPIE Proceedings

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Improving the tolerance to polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is considered to be one of the major prerequisites for the success of modern high bit rate optical communication systems. Various approaches such as optical compensation, electrical mitigation, multi-level modulation formats promise to increase the PMD tolerance of optical systems, whereas the question of how to experimentally characterize these solutions needs to be answered before commercial deployment. This is not an easy task since these systems need to be characterized with respect to first and higher order PMD but also with respect to their dynamic behavior. We show that deterministic polarization controllers combined with in-situ measurement of PMD can help to explore the PMD tolerance of an optical communication system and to generate reliable and repeatable results by avoiding statistical elements such as polarization scramblers. These elements can be combined to form a PMD testbed which allows to stress a system by applying a deterministic amount of PMD including a well-defined rate of change. Such a PMD testbed can be used during development of adaptive mitigators as well as for compliance testing. Finding an agreement on standard test procedures for such a testbed will make the evaluation of PMD tolerant receivers easier and more comparable.

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A Complete Spectral Polarimeter Design for Lightwave Communication Systems

Wang

Weiner

2006

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Non-intrusive estimation of PMD-induced penalty via high speed, high resolution spectral polarimeter

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

In-service characterization of optical links and signals with respect to PMD

In-service characterization of optical links and signals with respect to PMD

PMD tolerance testing of optical interfaces

A Complete Spectral Polarimeter Design for Lightwave Communication Systems

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