Non-interferometric technique to realize vector beams embedded with polarization singularities

Abstract

In this paper, we present a simple and flexible non-interferometric method to generate various polarization singularity lattice fields. The proposed method is based on a double modulation technique that uses a single reflective spatial light modulator to generate different lattice structures consisting of V-point and C-point polarization singularities. The present technique is compact with respect to previous experimental realization techniques. Different structures having star and lemon fields are generated without altering the experimental setup. In addition, the same setup can be used to obtain different types of inhomogeneous fields embedded with isolated polarization singularities even of higher orders. The Stokes polarimetry method has been used to obtain the polarization distributions of generated fields, which are in good agreement with simulated results.

Phase Singularities to Polarization Singularities

“…Polarization singularity generation by using a Twyman-Green interferometer [470] and a Wollaston prism [471] have also been reported. Vector beams embedded with polarization singularities can also be realized by a noninterferometric technique [472].…”

Generation of V-point polarization singularity using single phase encoding with a spatial light modulator

“…Generic V-point polarization singularities include those designated as Type I, II, III and IV 26 . VV fields encompassing these types have been generated in this work.…”

“…Single SLM-based techniques have also been proposed to reduce cost [22][23][24][25] . In this approach, only half the area of the SLM's display is available for modulation of each beam components, and therefore a SLM with high-spatial resolution and optimized phase response is required 26,27 . As such, it is clear that there remains significant scope for the development of techniques for the efficient generation of VV beams.…”

Self-referenced interferometry for single-shot detection of vector-vortex beams

“…VV beams can be represented as the superposition of two scalar LG beams in circular polarization basis. The orthogonal electric field components E 1 and E 2 of VV beams can be represented in terms of Jones vector as 35 , 58 , where ϕ 1 and ϕ 2 denote the phase value distributions (PVDs) corresponding to scalar LG modes, denoted as LG 1 and LG 2 , respectively. The PVDs for VV beams have azimuthal phase dependence.…”

“…Recently, several technologies for the generation of structured beam have been developed, such as q-plate, spatial light modulator (SLM), metasurfaces, etc 28 – 35 . Efficient technique for the characterization of VV beams is also a prerequisite for its emerging innovations and applications.…”