Non-infectious causes that increase early and mid-to-late pregnancy loss rates in a crossbreed dairy herd

Souza, Fransérgio Rocha de; Carneiro, Luisa Cunha; Cesar, João; Santos, Ricarda Maria dos

doi:10.1007/s11250-018-1749-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The hot season at AI is a known risk factor for lower fertility [ 9 , 16 , 17 ]. However, heat stress is reported to mainly influence failure in very early pregnancy phases, such as fertilization and “Pregnancy Pivotal Periods” n 1 and 2 after Wiltbank et al’s [ 3 ] classification (days of pregnancy from fertilization to day 28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progesterone level at AI and during the first days of pregnancy has also been related to PL [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Similarly, the serum concentration of pregnancy-associated glycorproteins (PAGs) [ 13 , 14 ] is correlated to PL probability; the intensity of oestrus at AI [ 12 , 15 ], season at AI [ 16 , 17 ], the protocol for timed AI (FTAI) [ 18 , 19 ], twin pregnancy [ 9 ], and ovulation number [ 12 ]. Some other factors were not associated with pregnancy loss, such as the rank of AI [ 16 ], extended lactation [ 20 ], calving-AI interval [ 16 ], corpus luteum, and uterine blood flow at first pregnancy diagnosis observed with ultrasonography [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy Loss (28–110 Days of Pregnancy) in Holstein Cows: A Retrospective Study

Fernández-Novo

Fargas²,

Loste³

et al. 2020

Animals

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The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the prevalence of pregnancy loss (PL; between 28–110 pregnancy days) and its relationship with factors: farm, year (2015–2018), season, artificial insemination (AI)-rank, parity, AI-type (fixed-time vs. oestrus-AI), previous PL, days in milk (DIM), fixed-time-AI protocol, AI-technician, bull, and semen-type (sexed vs. conventional). Data of 19,437 Holstein cattle AIs from eight Spanish farms were studied. Overall conception rate was 34.3% (6696/19,437) and PL 12.3% (822/6696). The PL was more likely to occur in primiparous (10.8%, odds ratio (OR) = 1.35; p = 0.04) and multiparous (15.3%; OR = 2.02, p < 0.01) than in heifers (PL = 6.9%, reference). Pregnancies achieved with AI after observed oestrus and natural breedings were associated with less PL than pregnancies after fixed-time-AI (12.7 vs. 11.9%; OR = 0.12, p = 0.01). First AIs related to higher PL than ≥2nd AIs (PL = 13.8% vs. 11.2; OR = 0.73, p < 0.01). The factors season, fixed-time-AI protocol, DIM, bull, AI-technician, or type of semen were not significantly associated with PL. Therefore, farmers and consultants should adapt their preventive strategies relating to PL, particularly, to the parity of the cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy Loss (28–110 Days of Pregnancy) in Holstein Cows: A Retrospective Study

Fernández-Novo

Fargas²,

Loste³

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…al. 2009;Souza et al 2018). One study provided nutritional causes such as starvation or energy de ciency which can result in embryonic or fetal death; imbalance of protein which can result in the lowering of uterine pH thereby reducing embryonic survival; iodine de ciency which can result in fetal goitre and increased neonatal death as well as abortion; manganese de ciency which results in lowered fertility; phytotoxicity associated with accumulation of nitrates in plants during dry spells which can result in abortions and congenital causes such as bovine leukocyte de ciency(Zekarias et al 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the outbreaks of abortions and orchitis in livestock in Namibia during 2016–2018

Samkange

Westhuizen²,

Voigts³

et al. 2022

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This study investigated outbreaks of seemingly related abortions and orchitis which occurred in Namibia from 2016 to 2018. A combination of epidemiological studies (using questionnaires), necropsies, microbiology, serology, molecular biological techniques like PCR and mineral analytical techniques were used in an attempt to establish the aetiology of these abortion and orchitis outbreaks. The results showed that the outbreaks were limited to Namibia's east and central regions and mainly occurred on farms that reared cattle, sheep and goats and on farms with a mixture of these species. In some cases, horses and game species were also affected. Gross pathological ndings included testicular enlargement, with focal haemorrhages and soft to hard testicular consistency in males. Histopathological ndings included severe chronic orchitis, testicular degeneration, prominent interstitial mononuclear in ammatory cell in ltration with a few multinucleated in ammatory cells. In samples obtained from aborted fetuses, signi cant histopathological ndings included meconium aspiration, funisitis, placentitis and cardiomyopathy in fetal tissues, whereas endometritis was the primary pathology observed in females. Brucella spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp., Truperella pyogenes, micronutrient imbalances toxic and pathogenic abiotic nanoparticles which resulted from drought conditions that preceded these outbreaks, were identi ed as possible causes.

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Reproductive strategies for dairy heifers based on 5d-Cosynch with or without an intravaginal progesterone device and observed estrus

et al. 2021

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Non-infectious causes that increase early and mid-to-late pregnancy loss rates in a crossbreed dairy herd

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Pregnancy Loss (28–110 Days of Pregnancy) in Holstein Cows: A Retrospective Study

Pregnancy Loss (28–110 Days of Pregnancy) in Holstein Cows: A Retrospective Study

Investigation of the outbreaks of abortions and orchitis in livestock in Namibia during 2016–2018

Reproductive strategies for dairy heifers based on 5d-Cosynch with or without an intravaginal progesterone device and observed estrus

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