Non-immersive virtual reality for Malay and Islamic world museum Melaka: effects from covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

Tourism has become one of the industries that rapidly developed globally, and heritage-based tourism is Malaysia's potential tourism sector. Ramli [1] claimed the attraction towards archaeology, history, and culture had caused it to become a tourism product. Despite there is no prehistoric heritage in Melaka, many museums were being developed with unique architectures from the era of Dutch (Stadhuys) and A Famosa from Portuguese entrance. The museum is defined as non-profit organizations that provide the collection of materials' evidence of peoples, the environments [2] for studies, educations, researchers, and facilitate knowledge creation with various goals, from supporting the specialist and expert to supporting the public [3].

Exploring non‐immersive virtual reality experiences in tourism: Empirical evidence from a world heritage site

“…These previous studies have not adequately addressed the factors that contribute to telepresence in non‐immersive VR. In addition, related research has found that non‐immersive VR focuses substantially on experiencing the richness and interactivity of the content and graphics (Pleyers & Poncin, 2020; Samah et al, 2021). Both mental imagery and vividness may also have a significant effect on telepresence in non‐immersive VR based (Bogicevic et al, 2019), but there remains a lack of empirical evidence to support such suggestions.…”

Photogrammetry for Digitization and Digital Display as a Sustainable Way to Develop Vietnam’s Museum Sector?

“…A few examples include Plasencia et al [2021] who discuss the design and implementation of a VR mobile application integrating 3D modelling technologies in Ecuador. Similar prototypes for 3D modelling and VR applications are being developed and tested in Indonesia [Sulistiono et al, 2021], in Malaysia [Samah et al, 2021], and in Peru [Mandros et al, 2021].…”

“…provide methods, techniques, and recommendations on how to solve specific problems that interfere with the process of data acquisition during continuous access to the objects by tourists and the impossibility of turning the object off from the visitors. Samah et al [2021] discusses the design and implementation of a VR mobile application integrating 3D modelling technologies in Malaysia and Puspasari et al [2020] discusses the same in relation to Indonesia. Sulistiono et al, [2021] proposes the design of a VR system to enable visitors interact with the artefacts by natural hand gestures in Indonesia.…”

Development of guiding virtual reality at the Sultanate Palace in North Maluku as cultural tourism content

“…Virtual reality is a powerful and exciting technology that aims to mimic the real world with a computer-generated environment and engage all the senses (Hsiao et al, 2021;Huang &;Wang, 2022). Many types of virtual reality have been formed, such as digital heritage, training simulations, virtual concerts, and others (Monterroso-checa et al, 2020;Samah et al, 2021). Compared to traditional graphics research, virtual reality technology emphasizes the interaction between the user and the system.…”

“…WebGL uses JavaScript for OpenGLES (Open et al), allowing three-dimensional graphics without plugins. HTML5 can be set on Firefox, Chrome, opera, and safari (Samah et al, 2021). WebGL can be used on desktop, mobile, and other platforms that support OpenGL or OpenGL@ES 2.0.…”