Non-Imaging MM-Wave FMCW Sensor for Pedestrian Detection

Etinger, Ariel; Balal, Nezah; Litvak, B.; Einat, Moshe; Kapilevich, B.; Pinhasi, Y.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2013.2293534

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We assume here that the received signal strength is well above the minimum detected signal and there is enough fade margin. This can be achieved by employing directive antennas, compensating for the low power [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Distance Measurement Accuracy and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric and Fog Effects on Ultra-Wide Band Radar Operating at Extremely High Frequencies

Balal

Pinhasi

2016

Sensors

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The wide band at extremely high frequencies (EHF) above 30 GHz is applicable for high resolution directive radars, resolving the lack of free frequency bands within the lower part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Utilization of ultra-wideband signals in this EHF band is of interest, since it covers a relatively large spectrum, which is free of users, resulting in better resolution in both the longitudinal and transverse dimensions. Noting that frequencies in the millimeter band are subjected to high atmospheric attenuation and dispersion effects, a study of the degradation in the accuracy and resolution is presented. The fact that solid-state millimeter and sub-millimeter radiation sources are producing low power, the method of continuous-wave wideband frequency modulation becomes the natural technique for remote sensing and detection. Millimeter wave radars are used as complementary sensors for the detection of small radar cross-section objects under bad weather conditions, when small objects cannot be seen by optical cameras and infrared detectors. Theoretical analysis for the propagation of a wide “chirped” Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar signal in a dielectric medium is presented. It is shown that the frequency-dependent (complex) refractivity of the atmospheric medium causes distortions in the phase of the reflected signal, introducing noticeable errors in the longitudinal distance estimations, and at some frequencies may also degrade the resolution.

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Section: Distance Measurement Accuracy and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric and Fog Effects on Ultra-Wide Band Radar Operating at Extremely High Frequencies

Balal

Pinhasi

2016

Sensors

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“…Among the existing gyro‐devices, gyrotron is a reliable and efficient device to generate powerful EM wave in the frequency range from millimeter‐wave to THz‐wave, which has been applied in many systems . Specifically, the radiation at frequency around 0.1 THz, is drawing the attention of the research community as a potential candidate for cancer treatment, medical treatment, and the security applications . It was reported that a mid‐power gyrotron has been used as a millimeter‐wave source of 95 GHz in some medical application measurements .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis on a 0.1‐THz second harmonic low‐voltage, low‐current gyrotron with complex cavity

Zhang²,

Zhang

et al. 2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This article presents the design and analysis of a complex cavity that will be used in a 10 kW‐level 94 GHz second harmonic low‐current, low‐voltage gyrotron. The mode pair of TE+7.2/TE+7.3 is selected as the operating modes of the complex cavity. In cold‐cavity design, a throat is introduced in the complex cavity to increase the diffractive quality factor, which can make the gyrotron operate at low‐current and low‐voltage conditions. In hot‐cavity analysis, the beam‐wave interaction efficiency affected by different factors has been studied in detail. At the operating point with beam voltage of 32 kV and beam current of 1.5 A, the mode competition has been studied based on the analysis of starting current and a time‐dependent multifrequency code; the transverse velocity spread influence on the efficiency has also been investigated. The results indicate that the operating mode eventually dominates the mode selection, while the competing modes are all at noise level. Meanwhile, the interaction efficiency can keep more than 30% with maintaining the spread below 8%, and the output power can hold at 10 kW‐level when the spread is below 12%.

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“…Nowadays, short-range millimeter wave radars operating at 77 GHz are used commercially in anti-collision systems in vehicles [ 9 ]. The radar is positioned at the front of the vehicle and gives an alert when the distances to obstacles are too short.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi Ray Model for Near-Ground Millimeter Wave Radar

Etinger

Litvak

Pinhasi

2017

Sensors

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A quasi-optical multi-ray model for a short-range millimeter wave radar is presented. The model considers multi-path effects emerging while multiple rays are scattered from the target and reflected to the radar receiver. Among the examined scenarios, the special case of grazing ground reflections is analyzed. Such a case becomes relevant when short range anti-collision radars are employed in vehicles. Such radars operate at millimeter wavelengths, and are aimed at the detection of targets located several tens of meters from the transmitter. Reflections from the road are expected to play a role in the received signal strength, together with the direct line-of-sight beams illuminated and scattered from the target. The model is demonstrated experimentally using radar operating in the W-band. Controlled measurements were done to distinguish between several scattering target features. The experimental setup was designed to imitate vehicle near-ground millimeter wave radars operating in vehicles. A comparison between analytical calculations and experimental results is made and discussed.

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Non-Imaging MM-Wave FMCW Sensor for Pedestrian Detection

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Atmospheric and Fog Effects on Ultra-Wide Band Radar Operating at Extremely High Frequencies

Atmospheric and Fog Effects on Ultra-Wide Band Radar Operating at Extremely High Frequencies

Design and analysis on a 0.1‐THz second harmonic low‐voltage, low‐current gyrotron with complex cavity

Multi Ray Model for Near-Ground Millimeter Wave Radar

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