Non-hyperfunctioning neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas: MR imaging appearance and correlation with their biological behaviour

Abstract

• Non-hyperfunctioning neuroendocrine pancreatic tumours (NF-NET) pose a difficult diagnostic challenge. • On T2-weighted MRI, 82.2 % of neuroendocrine tumours appeared hyperintense. • MR imaging showed 0.94 sensitivity and 0.77 specificity in predicting biological behaviour. • The hyper-/isointensity during dynamic MRI did not correlate with vessel density at pathology.

Prognostic value of CT findings to predict survival outcomes in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a single institutional study of 161 patients

“…Previous studies [20][21][22] also reported that a low intratumoural microvessel density could be an unfavourable histoprognostic factor. However, two other studies failed to show a correlation between the degree of tumour enhancement and the grade of PanNENs on CT [11] and MR [23]. This discrepancy might be explained by the cutoff point in pathology analysis.…”

“…This discrepancy might be explained by the cutoff point in pathology analysis. Those two earlier studies divided the PanNENs into benign diagnosis versus nonbenign diagnosis [11] or G1 versus G2 [23]. Two interesting observations of this study are the association between survival outcome and tumour size and between survival outcome and lymph node enlargements.…”

Mucinous cystic neoplasms and serous cystadenomas arising in the body-tail of the pancreas: MR imaging characterization

“…However, in some cases neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) of the pancreas may have characteristics of cystic lesions with a thick wall, which presents enhancement during the arterial-portal phase of the dynamic study [24]; so it may be difficult to distinguish between MCNs and cystic NETs.…”

ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Radiological, Nuclear Medicine and Hybrid Imaging

“…A correlation between the ADC and tumor grade has been shown ( Table 3 ) [49,50] . The image patterns of unequivocally malignant lesions are quite different [51] .…”