Non hot-spot PV module using solar cells with bypass diode function

Yoshioka, Hiroyuki; Nishikawa, S.; Nakajima, Shin; Asai, Michihiro; Takeoka, Shunsuke; Matsutani, T.; Suzuki, Akio

doi:10.1109/pvsc.1996.564364

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This augments or even replaces the function of protection bypass diodes now employed in PV panels to prevent local thermal runaway. As the approach is implemented, we anticipate that bypass diodes can be replaced, and hotspots can be avoided [24].…”

Section: Reliability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential power processing architecture for increased energy production and reliability of photovoltaic systems

Shenoy

Johnson

Krein

2012

2012 Twenty-Seventh Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

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Conventional energy conversion architectures in photovoltaic (PV) systems are often forced to trade off conversion efficiency and power production. This paper introduces a power processing architecture that enables each PV element to operate at its maximum power point (MPP) while only processing a small fraction of the total power produced. This is accomplished by providing only the mismatch in the MPP current of a set of series-connected PV elements. The differential power processing architecture increases overall conversion efficiency and overcomes the challenges of unmatched MPPs (due to partial shading, damage, manufacturing tolerances, etc.). Local control of the differential converters enables distributed protection and monitoring. The reliability analysis included in this paper shows significantly increased overall system reliability. Simulation and experimental results are included to demonstrate the benefits of this approach.

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Section: Reliability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential power processing architecture for increased energy production and reliability of photovoltaic systems

Shenoy

Johnson

Krein

2012

2012 Twenty-Seventh Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

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“…Some groups of ten to twenty PV cells connected in series to produce a reasonably high output voltage have an anti-parallel diode to ensure power delivery continuation in case of fault (mainly for partial lighting deficiency, a by-pass diode serves to decrease the effect of shadowing in the photovoltaic system while minimizing the power drops under shady conditions). The concerned references are mentioned in [13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Isolation Of a Fc Stack Under Fault Using A Diode By-passmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments of a 20 cell PEFC operating under fault conditions with diode by-pass circuit for uninterrupted power delivery

Bernardinis¹,

Candusso

Harel

et al. 2010

Energy Conversion and Management

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The work presents the results of experiments related to the electrical and dynamical behaviour of a 500W, twenty cell Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) stack operated under fault condition and connected to an anti-parallel diode acting as a bypass. The stack is placed in an experimental setup that reproduces the electrical coupling in series of two fuel cells. The results allow the evaluation of the bypass diode solution in the case of specific degraded working modes such as the break of the gas reactant feeding. The experiments presented in this article constitute an extrapolation and a complementary investigation of the preliminary results already achieved on a two cell PEFC stack and which had demonstrated the capability of the reverse diode to electrically isolate a fuel cell stack under fault. The proposed experiments focus on the dynamic behaviour of the stack under degraded working modes and point out the key-role of the fuel cell stack impedance in the triggering of the anti-parallel diode switching.

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“…Once the operating current of module or system exceeds the short current of the affected cell, the cell is forced into reverse bias and starts to consume the power generated by unshaded cells, resulting in overheating [1]. When the temperature of the shaded cell rises highly enough, the encapsulant, like EVA, will melt and the back sheet, like TPT, will be broken down, even leading to fire [2]. In general, bypass diodes are adopted to inhibit the shaded cell to crack and reduce the formation of hot spot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Analysis of Solar Module under Partial Shading

Liu

et al. 2015

International Journal of Photoenergy

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Hot spot often occurs in a module when the qualities of solar cells mismatch and bypass diodes are proved to be an efficient alternative to reduce the effect of hot spot. However, these principles choosing a diode are based on the parameters of bypass diodes and PV cells without consideration of the maximum heating power of the shaded cell, which may cause serious consequences. On this basis, this paper presents a new approach to investigate partially shaded cells in different numbers of PV cells and different shading scenarios, including inhomogeneous illumination among solar cells and incomplete shading in one cell, which innovatively combines the same cells or divides one affected cell into many small single cells and then combines the same ones, and analyzes the shaded cell. The results indicate that the maximum power dissipation of the shaded cell occurs at short-circuit conditions. With the number of solar cells increasing, the shaded cell transfers from generating power to dissipating power and there is a maximum point of power dissipation in different shading situations that may lead to severe hot spot. Adding up the heat converted from solar energy, the heating power can be higher. In this case, some improvements about bypass diodes are proposed to reduce hot spot.

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Non hot-spot PV module using solar cells with bypass diode function

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Differential power processing architecture for increased energy production and reliability of photovoltaic systems

Differential power processing architecture for increased energy production and reliability of photovoltaic systems

Experiments of a 20 cell PEFC operating under fault conditions with diode by-pass circuit for uninterrupted power delivery

Safety Analysis of Solar Module under Partial Shading

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