Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas and Organic Solvents

Rêgo, Marco Antĵnio Vasconcelos; Sousa, Carmen; Kato, Mina; Carvalho, Albertinho Barreto de; Loomis, Dana; Carvalho, Fernando Martins

doi:10.1097/00043764-200209000-00010

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The main risk factors of NHL include immunosuppression from HIV infection or organ transplantation and exposure to pesticides and organic solvents (11,51,52). According to data through December 2001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, New York , California, Florida, Texas, New Jersey, and Illinois are among the top 10 leading states with highest number of cumulative AIDS cases, in descending order (53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Radiation and Incidence of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma among Hispanics in the United States

Ma²,

Collado-Mesa³

et al. 2004

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common cancers among American Hispanics. Several studies suggest that solar UV radiation (UVR) may be an environmental risk contributing to the rise of NHL over the past decades. These studies focused primarily on lightskinned Caucasian populations; it is unknown what role UVR plays in NHL for Hispanics. We described the incidence of NHL in Hispanics from selected states in the United States between 1989 and 2000. To evaluate the role of UVR, we correlated cancer rates with the UV index and latitude of residency. Variations in NHL incidence rates with estimated amount of UVR among whites and blacks from the selected states were also analyzed. We found that NHL occurred less frequently in Hispanics than in whites. Hispanic men had higher incidence of NHL than Hispanic women. Incidence rates of NHL in Hispanics were inversely associated with estimated amount of UVR as an increase in NHL was observed with decreasing UV index (r ‫؍‬ ؊0.7 in men; r ‫؍‬ ؊0.41 in women) or increasing latitude of residency (r ‫؍‬ 0.59 in men; r ‫؍‬ 0.48 in women). This trend, although it did not reach statistical significance, was also observed in whites and blacks. Our findings do not support previous reports of a positive association between solar radiation and NHL. The inverse relationship between UVR and incidence of NHL is unexplained but presents the need for generation of hypotheses regarding the epidemiology of causal factors for NHL in the United States. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify whether sunlight exposure contributes to the development of NHL. IntroductionNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a subgroup of neoplasms arising from the lymphopoietic system. It includes a wide range of either B-cell or T-cell lymphomas, with the exception of Hodgkin's disease. The incidence of NHL has risen by Ͼ100%

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Radiation and Incidence of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma among Hispanics in the United States

Ma²,

Collado-Mesa³

et al. 2004

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…In their review on the topic, Rego et al (3) considered that 72% of studies with an accurate definition of solvent exposure observed positive associations between solvent exposures and NHL. Solvents, however, are chemically diverse and often exist as chemical mixtures, which makes it difficult to incriminate a specific chemical agent (4).…”

Section: Solvent Exposure and Nhlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzene Exposure and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Smith

Jones

Smith

2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

115

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Exposure to benzene, an important industrial chemical and component of gasoline, is a widely recognized cause of leukemia, but its association with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is less clear. To clarify this issue, we undertook a systematic review of all case-control and cohort studies that identified probable occupational exposures to benzene and NHL morbidity or mortality. We identified 43 case-control studies of NHL outcomes that recognized persons with probable occupational exposure to benzene. Forty of these 43 (93%) studies show some elevation of NHL risk, with 23 of 43 (53%) studies finding statistically significant associations between NHL risk and probable benzene exposure. We also identified 26 studies of petroleum refinery workers reporting morbidity or mortality for lymphomas and all neoplasms and found that in 23 (88%), the rate of lymphoma morbidity or mortality was higher than that for all neoplasms. A substantial healthy-worker effect was evident in many of the studies and a comprehensive reevaluation of these studies with appropriate adjustments should be undertaken. Numerous studies have also reported associations between benzene exposure and the induction of lymphomas in mice. Further, because benzene is similar to alkylating drugs and radiation in producing leukemia, it is plausible that it might also produce lymphoma as they do and by similar mechanisms. Potential mechanisms include immunotoxicity and the induction of double-strand breaks with subsequent chromosome damage resulting in translocations and deletions. We conclude that, overall, the evidence supports an association between occupational benzene exposure and NHL. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(3):385 -91)

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“…If these were detected, it would suggest that benzene metabolites were capable of breaking the MLL gene at 11q23 and causing leukemia-inducing translocations. Further, a number of studies have associated benzene and solvent exposure with the induction of nonHodgkin lymphoma (NHL) [Hardell et al, 1994;Hayes et al, 1997;Rego et al, 2002;Xu et al, 2003;Fritschi et al, 2005]. Translocation t(14;18), the long-arm deletion of chromosome 6 [del(6q)], and trisomy 12 are frequently observed in lymphoma patients [Glassman et al, 2000;Campbell, 2005;Taborelli et al, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrations in chromosomes associated with lymphoma and therapy‐related leukemia in benzene‐exposed workers

Zhang

Rothman

et al. 2007

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Epidemiological studies show that benzene exposure is associated with an increased incidence of leukemia and perhaps lymphoma. Chromosomal rearrangements are common in these hematopoietic diseases. Translocation t(14;18), the long-arm deletion of chromosome 6 [del(6q)], and trisomy 12 are frequently observed in lymphoma patients. Rearrangements of the MLL gene located on chromosome 11q23, such as t(4;11) and t(6;11), are common in therapy-related leukemias resulting from treatment with topoisomerase II inhibiting drugs. To examine numerical and structural changes in these chromosomes (2, 4, 6, 11, 12, 14, and 18), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was employed on metaphase spreads from workers exposed to benzene (n = 43) and matched controls (n = 44) from Shanghai, China. Aneuploidy (both monosomy and trisomy) of all seven chromosomes was increased by benzene exposure. Benzene also induced del(6q) in a dose-dependent manner (P(trend) = 0.0002). Interestingly, translocations between chromosomes 14 and 18, t(14;18), known to be associated with follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma, were increased in the highly exposed workers (P < 0.001). On the other hand, translocations between chromosome 11 and other partner chromosomes that are found in therapy-induced leukemias were not increased. These data add weight to the notion that benzene can induce t(14;18) and del(6q) found in lymphoma, but do not support the idea that benzene induces t(4;11) or t(6;11). However, they do not rule out the possibility that other rearrangements of the MLL gene at chromosome 11q23 may be induced by benzene.

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Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas and Organic Solvents

Cited by 31 publications

References 54 publications

Ultraviolet Radiation and Incidence of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma among Hispanics in the United States

Ultraviolet Radiation and Incidence of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma among Hispanics in the United States

Benzene Exposure and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Aberrations in chromosomes associated with lymphoma and therapy‐related leukemia in benzene‐exposed workers

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