Non‐histone protein 1 (NHP1) is a member of the Ku protein family which is upregulated in differentiating mouse myoblasts and human promyelocytes

Oderwald, Harald; Hughes, Melya J.; Jost, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00189-5

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…The human Ku70 gene maps to chromosome 22q13 (41) and the Ku80 gene maps to 2q33-q34 (41,42). It has been suggested, based on cross-hybridization and protein sequencing data, that the human Ku70 protein might be part of a gene family (43,44). Recent data show that mice with an induced null mutation in Ku70 show a different and less severe V(D)J recombination phenotype than mice with a mutation in Ku80, which would be consistent with genetic redundancy in Ku70 (45).…”

Section: Genes Encoding Ku Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Ku protein and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit with nucleic acids

Dynan

Yoo

1998

Nucleic Acids Research

328

245

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The Ku protein-DNA-dependent protein kinase system is one of the major pathways by which cells of higher eukaryotes respond to double-strand DNA breaks. The components of the system are evolutionarily conserved and homologs are known from a number of organisms. The Ku protein component binds directly to DNA ends and may help align them for ligation. Binding of Ku protein to DNA also nucleates formation of an active enzyme complex containing the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). The interaction between Ku protein, DNA-PKcs and nucleic acids has been extensively investigated. This review summarizes the results of these biochemical investigations and relates them to recent molecular genetic studies that reveal highly characteristic repair and recombination defects in mutant cells lacking Ku protein or DNA-PKcs.

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Section: Genes Encoding Ku Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Ku protein and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit with nucleic acids

Dynan

Yoo

1998

Nucleic Acids Research

328

245

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“…To evaluate triacylglycerol in 3T3-L1 cells, Infinity triglyceride reagent (Sigma) was used following the protocol provided by the manufacturer. C2C12 cells (ATCC) were cultured in 20% fetal calf serum supplemented with chick embryo extract (Invitrogen), and G8 cells (ATCC) were cultured in 10% fetal calf serum and 10% horse serum as described previously (20,21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Wnt Signaling during Adipogenesis

Bennett¹,

Ross²,

Longo³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

669

610

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We have identified Wnt10b as a potent inhibitor of adipogenesis that must be suppressed for preadipocytes to differentiate in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that a specific inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3, CHIR 99021, mimics Wnt signaling in preadipocytes. CHIR 99021 stabilizes free cytosolic ␤-catenin and inhibits adipogenesis by blocking induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ␣ and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor ␥. Preadipocyte differentiation is inhibited when 3T3-L1 cells are exposed to CHIR 99021 for any 24 h period during the first 3 days of adipogenesis. Consistent with this time frame of inhibition, expression of Wnt10b mRNA is suppressed upon induction of differentiation, with a 50% decline by 6 h and complete inhibition by 36 h. Of the agents used to induce differentiation, exposure of 3T3-L1 cells to methyl-isobutylxanthine or cAMP is sufficient to suppress expression of Wnt10b mRNA. Inhibition of adipogenesis by Wnt10b is likely mediated by Wnt receptors, Frizzled 1, 2, and/or 5, and co-receptors low density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6. These receptors, like Wnt10b, are highly expressed in preadipocytes and stromal vascular cells. Finally, we demonstrate that disruption of extracellular Wnt signaling by expression of secreted Frizzled related proteins causes spontaneous adipocyte conversion.White adipose tissue is an important depot for short and long term energy storage. In addition, adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that regulates energy homeostasis through secretion of leptin, Acrp30/adiponectin, resistin, and other factors (1). The study of adipocyte biology has been greatly facilitated by development of immortalized preadipocyte lines (e.g. 3T3-L1) (2) that differentiate into adipocytes and recapitulate many of the metabolic and endocrine functions of adipocytes in vivo. Analysis of differentiation in preadipocyte lines and in animals has led to a paradigmatic model of the genetic program of adipogenesis (3-5). In response to stimulators of adipogenesis, two transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ␤ (C/ EBP␤) 1 and C/EBP␦ are rapidly and transiently induced. These proteins then stimulate expression of the key adipogenic transcription factors, C/EBP␣ and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ␥ (PPAR␥), which together induce expression of the complement of genes necessary to create the adipocyte phenotype. Investigations of factors that regulate progression through this adipogenic program are important for our understanding of adipocyte differentiation. Differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes is regulated by a balance of local and endocrine factors that either stimulate or inhibit differentiation (6). Well known factors that stimulate differentiation of preadipocyte lines include glucocorticoid agonists, high concentrations of insulin to stimulate the insulinlike growth factor 1 receptor, PPAR␥ agonists, and agents that elevate cAMP (3). Factors that counter these positive stimuli include Wnt10b, tumor necrosis factor ␣ (TNF␣), ...

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“…Ku-mediated repression of ribosomal gene transcription in mouse has been reported [6]. Furthermore, a member of the Ku protein family, non-histone protein 1 (NHP1) has been shown to be upregulated in differentiation of mouse myoblasts and human promyelocytes [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Ku80 is required but not sufficient for Gα13-mediated endodermal differentiation in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells

Kanungo

Wang

Malbon

2004

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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We have shown that a constitutively active Galpha13 (Galpha13Q226L) induces differentiation in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells to an endodermal phenotype. In this report, we demonstrate that Ku, a heterodimer of p80 (Ku80) and p70 (Ku70), is upregulated in P19 cells overexpressing Galpha13Q226L. Ku is the regulatory subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase and is primarily involved in DNA repair and recombination. Ku80 also is a somatostatin receptor. We show that while overexpression of Ku80 drastically reduced P19 cell proliferation, it was not sufficient to induce endodermal differentiation. However, coexpression of Galpha13Q226L and an antisense Ku80 abrogated the retarded growth rate and endodermal differentiation observed in cells expressing only Galpha13Q226L. Overexpression of Galpha13Q226L or Ku80 downregulated RNA polymerase I-mediated transcriptional activity and overexpression of antisense Ku80 restored the activity to control level. These results suggest that Ku80 is required for Galpha13-mediated endodermal differentiation in P19 cells.

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Non‐histone protein 1 (NHP1) is a member of the Ku protein family which is upregulated in differentiating mouse myoblasts and human promyelocytes

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Interaction of Ku protein and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit with nucleic acids

Interaction of Ku protein and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit with nucleic acids

Regulation of Wnt Signaling during Adipogenesis

Ku80 is required but not sufficient for Gα13-mediated endodermal differentiation in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells

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