Non‐Hermitian Skin Effect in Non‐Hermitian Optical Systems

Abstract

The development of non‐Hermitian (NH) physics in nonconservative systems has led to various interesting wave phenomena, including the emergence of the non‐Hermitian skin effect (NHSE). NHSE is a topological effect caused by the nontrivial winding number of the energy spectrum, which results in many bulk eigenmodes localized on low‐dimensional boundaries under open boundary conditions. Although this phenomenon is striking, the flexible and dynamic tuning of NHSE has not been reviewed in optics systems. As an ideal NH platform, an optical system can introduce artificially constructed gains and losses and flexibly design optical structures to control the transmission and regulation of light. This exploration based on NH optical systems deepens the understanding of NHSE and facilitates technological breakthroughs in high‐energy directional localized optics applications. In this review, the focus is on the latest progress and applications of NHSE in NH optical systems, including the basic theory and local property modulation methods. Finally, possible future research directions for NHSE based on NH optical systems are discussed.