Non-hereditary early onset gastric cancer: An unmet medical need

Petrillo, Angelica; Federico, Piera; Marte, Gianpaolo; Liguori, Carlo; Seeber, Andreas; Ottaviano, Margaret; Tufo, Andrea; Daniele, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.coph.2022.102344

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…Interest in early-GC has recently been rekindled due to the increase in reported cases internationally. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this form of GC differ from sporadic and familial GC suggesting that it constitutes a largely distinct clinical entity that requires an adapted preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategy[ 10 ]. Disease progression is rapid; with distant metastases being diagnosed early after the disease is confirmed.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-onset gastrointestinal cancer: An epidemiological reality with great significance and implications

Triantafillidis,

Georgiou,

Konstadoulakis

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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During the last few years, epidemiological data from many countries suggest that the incidence and prevalence of many cancers of the digestive system are shifting from the older to the younger ages, the so-called “early-onset cancer”. This is particularly evident in colorectal cancer and secondarily in other malignant digestive neoplasms, mainly stomach and in a lesser degree pancreas, and biliary tract. It should be emphasized that data concerning digestive neoplasms, except for those referring to the colon and stomach, could be characterized as rather insufficient. The exact magnitude of the shift in younger ages is expected to become clearer shortly, as long as relevant epidemiological data from many parts of the world would be available. The most important question concerns the etiology of this phenomenon, since its magnitude cannot be explained solely by the better diagnostic methodology and the preventive programs applied in many countries. The existing data support the assumption that a number of environmental factors may play a primary role in influencing carcinogenesis, sometimes from childhood. Changes that have appeared in the last decades related mainly to eating habits, consistency of gut microbiome and an increase of obese people interacting with genetic factors, ultimately favor the process of carcinogenesis. Even these factors however, are not entirely sufficient to explain the age-related changes in the frequency of digestive neoplasms. Studies of the individual effect of each of the already known factors or factors likely to be involved in the etiology of this phenomenon and studies using state-of-the-art technologies to accurately determine the degree of the population exposure to these factors are required. In this article, we attempt to describe the epidemiological data supporting the age-shifting of digestive malignancies and their possible pathogenesis. Finally, we propose some measures regarding the attitude of the scientific community to this alarming phenomenon.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-onset gastrointestinal cancer: An epidemiological reality with great significance and implications

Triantafillidis,

Georgiou,

Konstadoulakis

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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Gastrointestinal issue: Advances in gastrointestinal oncology

Dekervel,

Petrillo

2024

Current Opinion in Pharmacology

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The TEOGIC study project: a comprehensive characterization of early onset gastrointestinal cancer in the Northern area of Spain

Vera,

Castro,

Labiano

et al. 2024

BMC Cancer

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Background Gastrointestinal cancers represent one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Strikingly, the incidence of Early Onset Gastrointestinal Cancer (EOGIC) has been rising during the last decades and changes in lifestyle and environmental exposure seem to play a role. EOGIC has been defined as a different entity compared to on-average gastrointestinal cancer, with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics. Inherent to the particularities of younger age, there is an unmet need for a tailored approach for the management of these patients. The TEOGIC proposes a comprehensive study to characterize EOGIC patients in the northern of Spain. Methods Patients with histologically confirmed new diagnosis of colorectal, gastroesophageal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma will be considered for two cohorts: EOGIC (≤ 50 years old) and non-EOGIC (60–75 years old), with a ratio of 1:2. Two hundred and forty patients will be recruited in 4 Public Hospitals from northern Spain. After receiving unified informed consent, demographic and clinical data of the patients will be collected in a REDCap database. Lifestyle related data will be obtained in questionnaires assessing diet, physical activity and the general quality of life of the patients before diagnosis. Biological samples prior to any onco-specific treatment will be obtained for the analyses of circulating inflammatory proteins, gut microbiota, and the proteome of the tumor microenvironment. Histologic characteristics and routine biomarkers will be also collected. Thereafter, data will be integrated and analyzed to assess tumor specific, pan-tumor and sex-associated differential characteristics of EOGIC. Discussion The underlying risk factors and differential characteristics of EOGIC remain poorly studied, particularly in our geographical area. Although limited by the exploratory nature and the small sample size estimated to be recruited, TEOGIC represents the first attempt to comprehensively characterize these young patients, and thus attend to their special needs. Findings derived from this study could contribute to raise awareness and preventive behaviors in the population. In parallel, molecular studies could lead to the identification of potential novel non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets that would help in the development of the tailored clinical management of these patients, focusing on screening programs for early diagnosis and precision medicine.

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Non-hereditary early onset gastric cancer: An unmet medical need

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Early-onset gastrointestinal cancer: An epidemiological reality with great significance and implications

Early-onset gastrointestinal cancer: An epidemiological reality with great significance and implications

Gastrointestinal issue: Advances in gastrointestinal oncology

The TEOGIC study project: a comprehensive characterization of early onset gastrointestinal cancer in the Northern area of Spain

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