Non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) positive gastric cancer

Yasuda, Tomohiko; Lee, Hyun Seok; Nam, Su Youn; Katoh, Hiroto; Ishibashi, Yuko; Murayama, Somay Yamagata; Matsui, Hidenori; Masuda, Hiroki; Rimbara, Emiko; Sakurazawa, Nobuyuki; Suzuki, Hideyuki; Yoshida, Hiroshi; Seto, Yasuyuki; Ishikawa, Shumpei; Nakamura, Masahiko; Nomura, Sachiyo

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08962-y

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, Helicobacter heilmannii s.s has been found in patients with H. pylori -negative MALT lymphoma, and in animal models, it has also been shown to cause MALT lymphoma [ 23 , 24 ]. Other species with the potential to trigger MALT lymphoma are Helicobacter suis , Helicobacter felis , Helicobacter suis , Helicobacter bizzozeronii and Helicobacter salomnois [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Interestingly, H. pylori infection has been shown to activate the p38 MAPK pathway, upregulating PD-1 expression by gastric epithelial cells and reducing immune response [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Present and Upcoming Perspectives

Kaddu‐Mulindwa

Thurner

Christofyllakis

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) encompasses a subgroup of non-Hodgkin lymphomas that often present with localized involvement and may manifest in a diversity of organs and tissues. EMZL pathogenesis is in some cases linked to chronic inflammation/infection, which may impose additional diagnostic and clinical challenges. The most studied and established connection is the presence of Helicobacter pylori in gastric EMZL. Due to its heterogeneity of presentation and intricate pathological features, treatment can be complex, and staging systems are decisive for the choice of therapy. Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the most suitable staging system, and recommendations vary among different countries. As a rule of thumb, in limited stages, a local therapy with surgery or radiation is the preferred option, and it is potentially curative. Of note, eradicating the causal agent may be an important step of treatment, especially in gastric EMZL, in which Helicobacter pylori eradication remains the first-line therapy for the majority of patients. In patients with more advanced stages, watch-and-wait is a valuable option, especially amongst those without clear indications for systemic therapy, and it may be carried on for several years. If watch-and-wait is not an option, systemic therapy may be needed. Even though several agents have been tested as monotherapy or in combination in recent years, there is no consensus regarding the first-line therapy, and decisions can vary depending on individual factors, such as age, clinical performance and stage. This review aims to discuss the several aspects of EMZL, including genetic milieu, pathogenesis and staging systems, that may influence the choice of therapy. In addition, we present a summary of evidence of several systemic therapies, compare different recommendations worldwide and discuss future perspectives and novelties in its therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Present and Upcoming Perspectives

Kaddu‐Mulindwa

Thurner

Christofyllakis

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…Our study suggesting that Helicobacter infection was a notable occupational hazard among the pig farmers. Researchers (Yasuda et al ., 2022) from Japan reported PCR detection for non- H. pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) in 30 cases, 26 of which were found positive as H. suis and 2 as Helicobacter heilmanii / Helicobacter ailurogastricus . Further study is required to draw a possible association between the zoonotic transmissions of the disease from pig to pig farmers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidences of Helicobacter infection in pigs and tracing occupational hazard in pig farmers

Pegu

Rajkhowa

Das

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Helicobacter species (H. sp.) is a gram-negative spiral-shaped motile bacteria that causes gastritis in pigs and also colonizes the human stomach. The current study seeks to assess the prevalence of various H. sp. in the gastric mucosa of slaughtered and dead pigs, as well as the prevalence of Helicobacter infection among pig farmers. A total of 403 stomach samples from various pig slaughter points, 74 necropsy samples from various pig farms and 97 stool samples from pig farmers were collected from Assam, India. Among 477 pig stomach samples tested, 214 samples with gastritis (20.09%) showed Gram negative, spiral-shaped organisms in brush cytology from the mucosal surface, and the rest of the 263 stomach samples without any gastric lesion showed only 3.04% Gram negative, spiral-shaped organisms. In ultrastructure investigation, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the four urease positive stomach samples revealed a tightly coiled Helicobacter bacterium (spiral-shaped) found in the mucous lining of the stomach. In histopathological examination of pars esophagia, cardiac and fundic mucosa showed chronic gastritis associated with hemorrhagic necrosis, leucocytic infiltration with neutrophils and macrophages, and lymphoid aggregates (lymphoid follicles) etc. PCR confirmed 16S rRNA genes of Helicobacter suis (H. suis) where a total of 42 (19.63%) out of 214 pig stomach samples and 2 (2.08%) out of 96 stool samples of pig farmers were found positive for H. suis. of these 96 stool samples of pig farmers 3 (3.12%) were confirmed positive for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Phosphoglucosamine mutase gene in PCR. Phylogenic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of H. suis showed distinct clusters with other H. sp. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for the prevalence of Helicobacter both in pig gastric mucosa and human stool. The findings highlight the need for improved sanitation and hygiene practices among pig farmers to minimize the risk of Helicobacter infection in humans.

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“…37 Yasuda et al recently reported finding H. suis infection even in their patients with gastric cancer. 38 Because there is currently no established method for the clinical diagnosis of H. suis infection, accurate diagnosis of H. suis infection is crucial in order to avoid wasting precious time on the wrong course of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of serological assays to identifyHelicobacter suisandHelicobacter pyloriinfections

Matsui

Rimbara²,

Suzuki

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundHelicobacter suis hosted by hogs is the most-prevalent gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH) found in humans with gastric diseases. However, there is no reliable method for diagnosing H. suis infection in clinical practice without gastric biopsy specimens. MethodsHelicobacter infection was diagnosed by using routine methods for detecting H. pylori infection and three other methods (PCR, culture accompanied by genomic analyses, and microscopy) for detecting NHPH and H. pylori infection using gastric biopsy specimens. Then, an ELISA was developed to detect serum anti-H. suis and anti-H. pylori antibody titers. Findings The serum specimens (n=101) were divided into specimens with (n=20) and without H. suis infection (n=81), or into specimens with (n=17) or without H. pylori infection (n=64) after excluding H. pylori infection-eradicated specimens (n=20). The cut-off values of the optical density in the ELISA were used to judge Helicobacter infections. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 92.5%, respectively, for identifying H. suis infection, or 88.2% and 87.5%, respectively, for identifying H. pylori infection, and these levels were considered acceptable for clinical application. We detected no other NHPH infections by PCR or culture in this study. Interpretation We developed the world′s first ELISA to simultaneously diagnose H. suis and H. pylori infection, which is available for large-scale medical examination. The eradication of H. suis was confirmed by the time-dependent decline of anti-H. suis antibody titers. Funding This work was supported by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI (JP19H03474, JP20K08365) and AMED (JP20fk0108148, JP20fk0108133).

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Non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) positive gastric cancer

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Management of Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Present and Upcoming Perspectives

Management of Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Present and Upcoming Perspectives

Incidences of Helicobacter infection in pigs and tracing occupational hazard in pig farmers

Development of serological assays to identifyHelicobacter suisandHelicobacter pyloriinfections

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