Non-glandular trichomes in Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae species: morphological and histochemical features indicate more than physical protection

Tozin, Luiz Ricardo dos Santos; Silva, Stefany Cristina de Melo; Rodrigues, Tatiane Maria

doi:10.1080/0028825x.2016.1205107

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We interpret the absence of triterpenes in trichomeless leaves as suggesting a role for non-glandular trichomes in triterpene accrual in poplar. While glandular trichomes are well known for their roles in biosynthesis and storage of terpenes (Lange and Turner, 2013), the presence of terpenes in non-glandular trichomes has only been reported recently (Santos Tozin et al, 2016;Dmitruk et al, 2019). The genetic evidence presented herein provides strong support for a functional link between triterpenes and non-glandular trichomes that warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Multiplex knockout of trichome-regulating MYB duplicates in hybrid poplar using a single gRNA

Bewg

Engle

Vaidya

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Hair-like trichomes cover the aerial organs of many plant species and act as a barrier between a plant and its environment. They function in defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, while also serving as sites for synthesis and storage of secondary metabolites. Previously, the transcription factor PtaMYB186 was identified as a positive regulator of trichome initiation during early stages of leaf development in Populus tremula x P. alba (IRNA 717-1B4). However, trichome regulation in poplar remains largely unexplored, as does the functional redundancy of duplicated poplar genes. Here, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to target a consensus region of PtaMYB186 and its close paralogs for knockout. Regeneration of glabrous mutants suggested their essential roles in poplar trichome development. No apparent differences in growth and leaf transpiration rates between the mutants and the controls were observed, but trichomeless poplars showed increased insect pest susceptibility. RNA-seq analysis revealed widespread down-regulation of circadian- and light-responsive genes in the mutants. When exposed to a high light regime, trichomeless mutants accumulated significantly higher levels of photoprotective anthocyanins. Cuticular wax and whole leaf analyses showed a complete absence of triterpenes in the mutants, suggesting biosynthesis and storage of triterpenes in poplar occurs in the non-glandular trichomes. This work also demonstrates that a single gRNA with SNP-aware design is sufficient for multiplex targeting of paralogous genes in outcrossing and/or hybrid species with unexpected copy number variations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Multiplex knockout of trichome-regulating MYB duplicates in hybrid poplar using a single gRNA

Bewg

Engle

Vaidya

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…(Plantaginaceae) (Jachuła et al 2018). Tozin et al (2016) observed that non-glandular trichomes in three species from the family Lamiaceae and in four species from the family Verbenaceae produced, accumulated, and released bioactive compounds. The authors mentioned above suggest that the non-glandular trichomes with secretory activity in the analysed species can be involved in the chemical interactions between plants and the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sites of secretion of bioactive compounds in leaves of Dracocephalum moldavica L.: anatomical, histochemical, and essential oil study

et al. 2019

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Dracocephalum moldavica L. is an aromatic plant emitting intense lemon scent. The aboveground parts of the plants constitute raw material for medicine and food industry. In contrast to the comprehensively investigated trichomes, there are only few studies of the histochemical characteristics of the leaves of essential oil-bearing plants from the family Lamiaceae. The present study shows the micromorphology, anatomy, and histochemistry of the leaves of the analysed species. The research aimed to determine the location of essential oil and other specialised metabolites in leaf tissues. The investigations of fresh and fixed material were carried out with the use of light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the content and composition of essential oil in the leaves were determined with the GC/MS method. The leaf epidermis had non-glandular unbranched trichomes and three types of glandular trichomes: peltate as well as long and short capitate trichomes. The results of the histochemical assays showed positive reactions to lipids and to some secondary compounds such as essential oil, terpenes, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in all types of the glandular and non-glandular trichomes. The same compounds were found in the epidermis cells of the leaves. The results of the present study indicate that the intense smell of the leaves is associated with emission of essential oil not only by the glandular and non-glandular trichomes but also by the leaf epidermis cells. The main components in the essential oil (0.10%) include geranial, neral, geraniol, nerol, and trans-myrtanol acetate. Since D. moldavica has been used as an adulterant of Melissa officinalis L., the anatomical traits of leaves and the essential oil composition in both species were compared in the study.

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“…[26]. Recently, studies on the micromorphology of Lamiaceae focused mainly on the structure and distribution of leaf trichomes [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and on the taxonomic implications of pollen morphology [27,32,[35][36][37][38][39]. Leonurus L. (motherwort) is a small genus that belongs to the tribe Leonureae Dumort., subfamily Lamioideae Harley, family Lamiaceae.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26]. Recently, studies on the micromorphology of Diversity 2021, 13, 533 2 of 15 Lamiaceae focused mainly on the structure and distribution of leaf trichomes [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and on the taxonomic implications of pollen morphology [27,32,[35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Floral and Pollen Micromorphology of Leonurus japonicus and L. macranthus (Lamiaceae)

et al. 2021

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Floral micromorphology and pollen morphology of two Leonurus (Lamiaceae) species were examined and compared using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the diagnostic value of these features to facilitate future studies on floral biology and taxonomy. Floral epidermal patterns were similar in both species, with the conical to central-conical epidermal cells on the adaxial side of the lower lip (corolla). Capitate, peltate, scale-like glandular, and non-glandular trichomes were distributed on the surface of the floral organs. Notably, scale-like anther glands and floral stomata were found on the anthers and abaxial side of the calyx, respectively. Pollen grains had bi-reticulate exine with angular primary lumina and rounded secondary lumina. These characteristics provide indirect evidence of a close association between plant-pollinator interactions and effective pollination. In addition, quantitative traits of pollen grains and trichome types on the adaxial side of the lip differed between the two species. These characteristics may have diagnostic and taxonomic value for the genus Leonurus and family Lamiaceae.

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Non-glandular trichomes in Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae species: morphological and histochemical features indicate more than physical protection

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Multiplex knockout of trichome-regulating MYB duplicates in hybrid poplar using a single gRNA

Multiplex knockout of trichome-regulating MYB duplicates in hybrid poplar using a single gRNA

Sites of secretion of bioactive compounds in leaves of Dracocephalum moldavica L.: anatomical, histochemical, and essential oil study

Comparative Floral and Pollen Micromorphology of Leonurus japonicus and L. macranthus (Lamiaceae)

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