Non-gestational choriocarcinoma of the ovary: A case report

Abstract

Non-gestational choriocarcinoma of the ovary is an extremely rare clinical condition. Very few cases of this high-grade malignancy of the ovary are reported in the literature worldwide. Given the rarity of the tumour, this disease is generally overlooked, which leads to delayed diagnosis and management. For the attending clinicians, the non-gestational choriocarcinoma of the ovary poses a diagnostic challenge due to its non-specific clinical presentations. A 16-year-old girl presented with pain in the right iliac fossa and with a positive urine pregnancy test. Despite being sexually inactive, the patient was diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy and underwent emergency laparoscopic surgery. Six weeks later, the histopathological analysis revealed a diagnosis of non-gestational choriocarcinoma of the ovary. Further evaluations showed that her cancer had already advanced to stage IV. In this case report, the non-specific presentations of the disease, radiological features, current treatments, and possible safety strategies are discussed.

Non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma (a clinical case)

“…Данный вид хориокарциномы необходимо отличать от гестационной хориокарциномы в виду их патологического сходства, но принципиально разных методов лечения [14]. В результате, негестационную хорикарциному часто ошибочно диагностируют как внематочную беременность, так как для двух этих патологий характерны общие клини-ческие проявления, такие как кровотечение, боли в животе, наличие образования в придатках и положительные тесты на беременность, а также очень схожая гистологическая картина [15].…”

Non-Gestational Ovarian Choriocarcinoma: A Rare Ovarian Cancer Subtype

“…Most cases described in the literature involved unilateral masses, but one case report describes an extremely rare case of bilateral NGOC [24]. Since NGOCs are typically unilateral, cases of NGOCs are often initially misdiagnosed as ectopic pregnancy [4,13,[25][26][27].…”

“…Previously, the primary way to diagnose patients with NGOC was with a detailed patient history, including recent sexual activity and antecedent pregnancy. If there is no history of intercourse and/or an antecedent pregnancy, then a patient would be diagnosed with NGOC [14,16,26,35]. In 1963, Saito and colleagues developed a 4-item set of diagnostic criteria for NGOC: (1) absence of disease in the uterine cavity, (2) pathological confirmation of choriocarcinoma with the persistence of elevation in beta-HCG, (3) exclusion of molar pregnancy, and (4) exclusion of coexisting intrauterine pregnancy [6].…”

Primary cesarean scar choriocarcinoma: A case series and literature review

“…To date, there have been limited reports about primary extrauterine choriocarcinoma. Most of these cases were located in the uterine cervix, 1–3 ovary, 4–6 and fallopian tube 7,8 . Primary choriocarcinoma in a cesarean scar is extremely rare and was first reported in 2014 9 .…”