Non-genomic actions of androgens

Foradori, Chad D.; Weiser, Michael; Handa, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.10.005

Cited by 406 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Research in animal models indicates that T can exert rapid, likely non-genomic effects on brain function and behaviour (reviewed in Foradori, Weiser, & Handa, 2008), and therefore, the presence of face preference effects in humans earlier than 2 hours post administration is a possibility for investigation. Correlational evidence indicates that rapid changes in endogenous testosterone following a competitive interaction (measured approximately 15 minutes post task) map onto future behaviour such as aggression and risk-taking (reviewed in Carré & Olmstead, 2015) and recent T administration protocols show effects of Androgel® on aggression within 60 minutes of administration (Carré et al, under review).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men's preferences for female facial femininity

Bird

Welling

Ortiz

et al. 2016

Hormones and Behavior

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Correlational research suggests that men show greater attraction to feminine female faces when their testosterone (T) levels are high. Men's preferences for feminine faces also seem to vary as a function of relationship context (short versus long-term).However, the relationship between T and preferences for female facial femininity has yet to be tested experimentally. This thesis examined the causal role of T in modulating preferences for facial femininity across both short and long-term mating contexts, using two separate experiments. Results of Experiment 1 (within-subject design, n = 24)showed that participants significantly preferred feminized versus masculinized versions of women's faces. Further, participants showed a stronger preference for feminine female faces in the short-versus the long-term context after they received T, but not after they received placebo. Post-hoc analyses suggest that this effect was driven by a lower preference for feminine faces in the long-term context when on T relative to placebo.Results from Experiment 2 (between-subject design, n = 93) were highly consistent with those of Experiment 1: men demonstrated a significant preference for feminized female faces in the short-versus the long-term context after T, but not after placebo administration, and this effect was driven by lower preferences for feminine faces in the long-term context when on T relative to placebo. Collectively, these findings provide the first causal evidence that T modulates men's preferences for facial femininity as a function of mating context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men's preferences for female facial femininity

Bird

Welling

Ortiz

et al. 2016

Hormones and Behavior

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“…These effects are clearly different from those manifested upon activation of the intracellular androgen receptors (iARs) mediating genomic signals. 30 The mAR-dependent signaling, resulting in profound actin reorganization, was recently characterized in detail in prostate, breast and colon tumor cells. 8,15 Furthermore, it was shown that mAR activation induced profound apoptotic regression of prostate and colon cancer cells in vitro and in mouse xenograftsin vivo 2,6,12,13 and suppressed cell growth and motility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells is regulated by PI3K/Rac1 signaling

Alkahtani¹

2013

Asian J Androl

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Recently, it has been reported that testosterone membrane signaling regulates actin reorganization and induces pro-apoptotic responses in colon tumor cells. In the present study the membrane androgen receptors (mARs)-induced activation of Rac1 GTPase and the involvement of PI3K/Rac1 signaling in controlling the apoptotic responses in testosterone treated Caco2 colon cancer cells has been analyzed. In line with previous findings, activation of mAR by testosterone conjugates triggered early and transient actin reorganization as indicated by the significant decrease of the G/Total actin ratio after 15-and 30-min treatment of the cells. Interestingly, stimulation of mAR rapidly activated the Rac1 GTPase. This effect was evident after 15 min and persisted for at least 24 h. Testosterone induced Rac1 activation was fully blocked in Caco2 cells pre-treated with the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin, indicating that Rac1 signaling is acting downstream of the PI3K pathway. Remarkably, when cells were pre-treated with wortmannin that blocks the PI3K/Rac1 signaling, apoptotic response was almost fully inhibited. These finding suggest that Rac1 activation, triggering actin redistribution, is involved in testosterone induced pro-apoptotic responses governed by mAR activation and emphasize the regulatory role of PI3K/Rac1 signaling in colon tumors.

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“…Alternatively, it is also possible that androgens can work though non-genomic mechanisms to inhibit HPA reactivity. However, few studies to date have explored such rapid membrane associated effects of androgens in any neural function (for review, see Foradori et al, 2008). Nonetheless, the possibility that androgens can work at multiple levels to inhibit the neuroendocrine responses to stress must be considered.…”

Section: Neural Androgen Receptor and Estrogen Receptor Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternate pathway for androgen regulation of brain function: Activation of estrogen receptor beta by the metabolite of dihydrotestosterone, 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol

Handa

Pak

Kudwa

et al. 2008

Hormones and Behavior

182

122

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The complexity of gonadal steroid hormone actions is reflected in their broad and diverse effects on a host of integrated systems including reproductive physiology, sexual behavior, stress responses, immune function, cognition, and neural protection. Understanding the specific contributions of androgens and estrogens in neurons that mediate these important biological processes is central to the study of neuroendocrinology. Of particular interest in recent years has been the biological role of androgen metabolites. The goal of this review is to highlight recent data delineating the specific brain targets for the dihydrotestosterone metabolite, 5α-androstane, 3β, 17β-diol (3β-Diol). Studies using both in vitro and in vivo approaches provide compelling evidence that 3β-Diol is an important modulator of the stress response mediated by the hypothalmo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Further, the actions of 3β-Diol are mediated by estrogen receptors, and not androgen receptors, often through a canonical estrogen response element in the promoter of a given target gene. These novel findings compel us to re-evaluate the interpretation of past studies and the design of future experiments aimed at elucidating the specific effects of androgen receptor signaling pathways.

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Non-genomic actions of androgens

Cited by 406 publications

References 165 publications

Effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men's preferences for female facial femininity

Effects of exogenous testosterone and mating context on men's preferences for female facial femininity

Testosterone induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells is regulated by PI3K/Rac1 signaling

An alternate pathway for androgen regulation of brain function: Activation of estrogen receptor beta by the metabolite of dihydrotestosterone, 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol

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