Non-flammable electrolyte enables Li-metal batteries with aggressive cathode chemistries

Fan, Xiulin; Chen, Long; Borodin, Oleg; Ji, Xiao; Chen, Ji; Hou, Singyuk; Deng, Tao; Zheng, Jing; Yang, Chengliang; Liou, Sz‐Chian; Amine, Khalil; Xu, Kang; Chun-sheng, Wang

doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0183-2

Cited by 1,010 publications

(877 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Electrolyte plays a vital role in regulating the uniformity of SEI . Tremendous efforts have been devoted to constructing intrinsically uniform SEI by regulating the electrolyte solvation, i.e., the components and structure of electrolyte, such as concentrated electrolyte, fluorinated electrolyte, and sacrificial additives . Among various approaches, LiF‐rich SEI (F‐SEI) and LiN x O y ‐contained SEI (N‐SEI) have arisen as exemplary methods to stabilize Li metal under mild conditions recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries Under Practical Conditions

et al. 2020

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High‐energy‐density Li metal batteries suffer from a short lifespan under practical conditions, such as limited lithium, high loading cathode, and lean electrolytes, owing to the absence of appropriate solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a sustainable SEI was designed rationally by combining fluorinated co‐solvents with sustained‐release additives for practical challenges. The intrinsic uniformity of SEI and the constant supplements of building blocks of SEI jointly afford to sustainable SEI. Specific spatial distributions and abundant heterogeneous grain boundaries of LiF, LiNxOy, and Li2O effectively regulate uniformity of Li deposition. In a Li metal battery with an ultrathin Li anode (33 μm), a high‐loading LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode (4.4 mAh cm−2), and lean electrolytes (6.1 g Ah−1), 83 % of initial capacity retains after 150 cycles. A pouch cell (3.5 Ah) demonstrated a specific energy of 340 Wh kg−1 for 60 cycles with lean electrolytes (2.3 g Ah−1).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries Under Practical Conditions

et al. 2020

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“…[1][2][3][4] Unfortunately, LIBs still suffer from several drawbacks such as limited power density, high cost, and poor safety. [1][2][3][4] Unfortunately, LIBs still suffer from several drawbacks such as limited power density, high cost, and poor safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐Ion Conducting Electrolyte Based on Electrospun Nanofibers for High‐Performance Lithium Batteries

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

119

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Herein, a novel electrospun single‐ion conducting polymer electrolyte (SIPE) composed of nanoscale mixed poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) and lithium poly(4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone, bis(4‐carbonyl benzene sulfonyl)imide) (LiPSI) is reported, which simultaneously overcomes the drawbacks of the polyolefin‐based separator (low porosity and poor electrolyte wettability and thermal dimensional stability) and the LiPF6 salt (poor thermal stability and moisture sensitivity). The electrospun nanofiber membrane (es‐PVPSI) has high porosity and appropriate mechanical strength. The fully aromatic polyamide backbone enables high thermal dimensional stability of es‐PVPSI membrane even at 300 °C, while the high polarity and high porosity ensures fast electrolyte wetting. Impregnation of the membrane with the ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (v:v = 1:1) solvent mixture yields a SIPE offering wide electrochemical stability, good ionic conductivity, and high lithium‐ion transference number. Based on the above‐mentioned merits, Li/LiFePO4 cells using such a SIPE exhibit excellent rate capacity and outstanding electrochemical stability for 1000 cycles at least, indicating that such an electrolyte can replace the conventional liquid electrolyte–polyolefin combination in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In addition, the long‐term stripping–plating cycling test coupled with scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of lithium foil clearly confirms that the es‐PVPSI membrane is capable of suppressing lithium dendrite growth, which is fundamental for its use in high‐energy Li metal batteries.

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“…[9] In contrast, tremendous efforts have been devoted to preventing Li dendrite formation or proliferation in Li-metal-based batteries. [14] Though proven to be effective, most sacrificial additives will be constantly consumed so that the stabilization effect is not fully sustainable during long-term cycling. [14] Though proven to be effective, most sacrificial additives will be constantly consumed so that the stabilization effect is not fully sustainable during long-term cycling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase Enabled High‐Capacity and Stable Cycling Potassium Metal Batteries

Wang

Dong

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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storage. [3] Recently, as a result of the abundance of K, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) provide a cheaper alternative to LIBs and thus attract more attention. [4] The standard electrode potential of K/K + (−2.93 V vs E 0 ) is close to Li/Li + (−3.04 V vs E 0 ) in aqueous system, even lower than Li/Li + in nonaqueous electrolytes, [5] indicating that PIBs would potentially perform at a higher voltage/power operation. Additionally, recent studies have shown that high-energy metal-O 2 batteries based on K metal have higher round-trip efficiency than their Li and Na counterparts because potassium superoxide, the species generated in the O 2 cathode, is both thermodynamically and kinetically stable. [6] Using K metal anodes poses a particular challenge because K is highly reactive and reacts spontaneously with solvents and salt anions, forming a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the K surface. [7] However, the SEI layer is not optimized to accommodate large volume change during K plating/stripping, resulting in the unrecoverable cracking of the SEI layer. These phenomena will become serious especially at high deposition capacity. Furthermore, the resultant inhomogeneities in resistance and ion flux on SEI layer drive the morphologically nonuniform K growth (dendrite, granule, etc.) that could induce internal short-circuit and other serious safety hazards. [8] This highlights a compelling issue regarding safe cyclability of metal anode, that is, how to regulate the surface reactivity of metal toward organic electrolytes. However, the Secondary batteries based on earth-abundant potassium metal anodes are attractive for stationary energy storage. However, suppressing the formation of potassium metal dendrites during cycling is pivotal in the development of future potassium metal-based battery technology. Herein, a promising artificial solid-electrolyte interphase (ASEI) design, simply covering a carbon nanotube (CNT) film on the surface of a potassium metal anode, is demonstrated. The results show that the spontaneously potassiated CNT framework with a stable self-formed solid-electrolyte interphase layer integrates a quasi-hosting feature with fast interfacial ion transport, which enables dendrite-free deposition of potassium at an ultrahigh capacity (20 mAh cm −2 ). Remarkably, the potassium metal anode exhibits an unprecedented cycle life (over 1000 cycles, over 2000 h) at a high current density of 5 mA cm −2 and a desirable areal capacity of 4 mAh cm −2 . Dendrite-free morphology in carbon-fiber and carbon-black-based ASEI for potassium metal anodes, which indicates a broader promise of this approach, is also observed.

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Non-flammable electrolyte enables Li-metal batteries with aggressive cathode chemistries

Cited by 1,010 publications

References 65 publications

A Sustainable Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries Under Practical Conditions

A Sustainable Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries Under Practical Conditions

Single‐Ion Conducting Electrolyte Based on Electrospun Nanofibers for High‐Performance Lithium Batteries

Artificial Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase Enabled High‐Capacity and Stable Cycling Potassium Metal Batteries

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