Non-economic Loss and Damage and the Warsaw International Mechanism

Serdeczny, Olivia

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72026-5_8

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…One of the strengths of cowpea is its high resilience to harsh conditions, including hot and dry environments, and poor soils . Still, as sub-Saharan Africa and other cowpea production regions encounter climate variability (Kotir, 2011;Serdeczny et al, 2016), breeding for more climate-resilient varieties remains a priority.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata[L.] Walp.)

Lonardi

Muñoz‐Amatriaín

Liang

et al. 2019

Preprint

103

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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) is a major crop for worldwide food and nutritional security, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, that is resilient to hot and drought-prone environments. An assembly of the singlehaplotype inbred genome of cowpea IT97K-499-35 was developed by exploiting the synergies between single-molecule real-time sequencing, optical and genetic mapping, and an assembly reconciliation algorithm. A total of 519 Mb is included in the assembled sequences. Nearly half of the assembled sequence is composed of repetitive elements, which are enriched within recombination-poor pericentromeric regions. A comparative analysis of these elements suggests that genome size differences between Vigna species are mainly attributable to changes in the amount of Gypsy retrotransposons. Conversely, genes are more abundant in more distal, high-recombination regions of the chromosomes; there appears to be more duplication of genes within the NBS-LRR and the SAUR-like auxin superfamilies compared with other warm-season legumes that have been sequenced. A surprising outcome is the identification of an inversion of 4.2 Mb among landraces and cultivars, which includes a gene that has been associated in other plants with interactions with the parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides. The genome sequence facilitated the identification of a putative syntelog for multiple organ gigantism in legumes. A revised numbering system has been adopted for cowpea chromosomes based on synteny with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). An estimate of nuclear genome size of 640.6 Mbp based on cytometry is presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata[L.] Walp.)

Lonardi

Muñoz‐Amatriaín

Liang

et al. 2019

Preprint

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Typically such authors would hail from anthropology, development studies, human geography and psychology. A key resource for the IPCC, and its AR6, could be the expert group on non-economic losses that was established under the current five-year workplan of the WIM (Serdeczny, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss and damage in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (Working Group II): a text-mining analysis

Geest

Warner

2019

Climate Policy

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Losses and damages' refer to impacts of climate change that have not been, or cannot be, avoided through mitigation and adaptation efforts. After the establishment of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage (WIM), Loss and Damage is now considered the third pillarbesides mitigation and adaptationof climate action under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This paper studies what the Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC WGII AR5) has to say about this emerging topic. We use qualitative data analysis software (text mining) to assess which climatic stressors, impact sectors and regions the report primarily associates with losses and damages, and compare this with the focus areas of the WIM. The study reveals that IPCC WGII AR5 primarily associates losses and damages with extreme weather events and economic impacts, and treats it primarily as a future risk. Present-day losses and damages from slow-onset processes and non-economic losses receive much less attention. Also, surprisingly, AR5 has more to say about losses and damages in high-income regions than in regions that are most at risk, such as small island states and least developed countries. The paper concludes with recommendations to the IPCC for its 6th Assessment Report (AR6) to include more evidence on losses and damages from slow-onset processes, non-economic losses and damages and losses and damages in vulnerable countries. Key policy insights. IPCC WGII AR5 discusses evidence about losses and damages predominantly in relation to sudden-onset disasters and economic costs. . More research is needed on losses and damages from slow-onset processes and non-economic loss and damage, particularly in vulnerable countries in the Global South. . Funding agencies should support research in these areas and IPCC WGII AR6 should pay more attention to these topics. . Losses and damages are not only a future risk, but already a present-day reality for vulnerable people in climate hotspots. People-centred research by social scientists is crucial for enhancing understanding of what losses and damages mean in the real world. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…They are context dependent and incommensurable, such as loss of biodiversity, cultural identity, cultural heritage, human health, or even loss of life triggered by climate change. They are mediated by social factors that determine vulnerability and cultural factors, shaping the context in which those losses are experienced [174]. The effects of NELD on human well-being are rarely included in observed and projected climate impacts estimates.…”

Section: Limits To Climate Change Adaptation and Loss And Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

The Climate Change Challenge: A Review of the Barriers and Solutions to Deliver a Paris Solution

Santos

Ferreira

Pedersen

2022

Climate

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Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have continued to grow persistently since 1750. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) entered into force in 1994 to stabilize GHG emissions. Since then, the increasingly harmful impacts of global climate change and repeated scientific warnings about future risks have not been enough to change the emissions trend and enforce policy actions. This paper synthesizes the climate change challenges and the insofar insufficient mitigation responses via an integrated literature review. The fossil industry, mainstream economic thinking, national rather than international interests, and political strive for short-term interests present key barriers to climate mitigation. A continuation of such trends is reflected in the Dice model, leading to a 3.5 °C temperature increase by 2100. Despite receiving the Nobel Prize for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis via the Dice model, increases in global mean temperatures overshooting the 1.5 °C to 2 °C Paris targets imply an intensified disruption in the human–climate system. Past and present policy delays and climate disruption pave the way for solar radiation management (SRM) geoengineering solutions with largely unknown and potentially dangerous side effects. This paper argues against SRM geoengineering and evaluates critical mitigation solutions leading to a decrease in global temperatures without overshooting the Paris targets. The essential drivers and barriers are discussed through a unified approach to tipping points in the human–climate system. The scientific literature presents many economically and technologically viable solutions and the policy and measures required to implement them. The present paper identifies the main barriers to integrating them in a globally cooperative way, presenting an efficient, long-term, and ethical policy approach to climate change.

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Non-economic Loss and Damage and the Warsaw International Mechanism

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

The genome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata[L.] Walp.)

The genome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata[L.] Walp.)

Loss and damage in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (Working Group II): a text-mining analysis

The Climate Change Challenge: A Review of the Barriers and Solutions to Deliver a Paris Solution

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