Engineering
interparticle plasmon coupling through controlling
the assembly of plasmonic NPs onto the surface of sacrificial substrates
is quite promising for establishing inherently absent selectivity
or sensitivity toward a particular analyte. Herein, we introduce a
robust sensor array strategy based upon the assembly of gold nanoparticles
(AuNPs) on the cysteamine-modified surface of two Gram-positive probiotic
bacteria, i.e., Lactobacillus reuteri (LBR) and Bifidobacterium lactis (BFL), as potential sacrificial substrates,
for discrimination and quantification of antiseptic alcohols (AAs)
comprising methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. In fact, the damage
of the bacterial membrane upon exposure to the foregoing alcohols
inhibits the assembly of AuNPs, thereby precluding color variations
from red to blue. Unequal resistance of the bacterial membranes against
damage by the alcohols underlies independent response patterns for
each analyte. The supervised classification of visible spectra and
RGB data by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) revealed the remarkable
potential of the designed sensor array in differentiating single-component
and multicomponent samples of AAs. Moreover, the Partial Least Square
Regression (PLSR) technique exhibited excellent applicability to multivariate
calibration of both spectral and RGB data. The intriguing attributes
of the implemented approach not only hold great potential in the authentication
and quality assessment of alcohol-based products but open up a new
prospect for deployment of sacrificial substrates in the design of
interparticle coupling-based sensors.