2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05327
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Non-destructive characterization of physical and chemical clogging in cylindrical drip emitters

Abstract: Characteristics and deposition pattern of clogging material on cylindrical drip emitters was studied using nondestructive methods of evaluation. Two sets of four cylindrical emitter samples were collected from farm lands. One set of sample emitters was analyzed using Computed Tomography (CT). Other set was dissected and the clogging material extracted was analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). CT scans revealed the geometric properties of emitters and the sprea… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Along with filtration systems, emitter design is also a key factor to reduce the clogging of emitters. Various types of anti-clogging emitter designs such as tube emitter system with laminar flow [22][23], labyrinth type emitter [21], and dripper having high flow [24] have also been developed. However, flushing the laterals in the regular interval has also been effective to reduce the clogging of emitters.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Along with filtration systems, emitter design is also a key factor to reduce the clogging of emitters. Various types of anti-clogging emitter designs such as tube emitter system with laminar flow [22][23], labyrinth type emitter [21], and dripper having high flow [24] have also been developed. However, flushing the laterals in the regular interval has also been effective to reduce the clogging of emitters.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Como não havia recirculação da água, os íons formadores do CaCO3 em sua maioria, eram expulsos pelos orifícios de saída dos emissores. Como segundo fator, a presença de outros compostos (partículas de solo, íons dissolvidos e matéria orgânica) agiram como inibidores da formação dos cristais de CaCO3 (Kralj & Vdović, 2000;Liu et al, 2019;Ramachandrula & Kasa, 2020). Os ensaios em laboratório envolvendo CaCO3 não representaram a realidade e necessitam de muitos esforços para manter o sistema em equilíbrio.…”
Section: Ensaios De Obstrução Com Partículas Sólidas Em Laboratóriounclassified
“…Esse resultado se justifica em função da temperatura de ensaio (23°C), na qual há maior chance de formação de calcita. Dentre os polimorfos anidros do CaCO3 , a calcita é a menos solúvel e, termodinamicamente, a fase mais estável, seguida pela aragonita e vaterita (CHANG et al, 2017;RAMACHANDRULA;KASA, 2020;RIZK et al, 2017). Os resultados observados estão em conformidade com estudos de Rizk et al (2017).…”
Section: Padrões De Deposição De Caco3unclassified