Non‐dermatophyte fungi in onychomycosis—Epidemiology and consequences for clinical practice

Reinel, D.

doi:10.1111/myc.13251

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Dermatophytes such as trichophyton (T.) rubrum and T. interdigitale are among the most common causative agents [10], but recently fusaria have also been detected (fusarium [new term: neocosmospora] solani, fusarium oxysporum) [11,12]. Evidence of fusarium in the nail material may indicate NDM (Non-Dermatophyte Mold) onychomycosis, but may also be a sign of secondary growth of this mold on a pathologically changed nail [13]. As a differential diagnosis, nail changes in orthopedic anomaly need to be considered (such as hallux valgus, sunken splayfoot, narrow-spaced toes with overlaps).…”

Section: Onychomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Common diseases of the nail: Diagnosis and therapy

Löser¹,

Nenoff²,

Mainusch³

et al. 2021

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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Summary This review focuses on nail changes that do not belong to the group of benign or malignant nail tumors. These common afflictions of the nail include structural changes in and under the nail plate as well as inflammation around and in the nail bed. They include onychomycoses, nail psoriasis, onychodystrophies, subungual hematoma, paronychia, ingrown nails and pincer nails. Due to the peculiar anatomy and physiological growth conditions of the nail, the pathology does not necessarily stem from the site of the clinical problem and calls for careful inspection and interpretation.

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Section: Onychomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Common diseases of the nail: Diagnosis and therapy

Löser¹,

Nenoff²,

Mainusch³

et al. 2021

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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“…However, the ability of nondermatophyte fungi to cause nail fungal infections has also been described. 1,2 In this context, among others, the genus Fusarium has come to be a cause of onychomycosis, especially in immunocompromised patients or in the presence of already existing nail trauma. [3][4][5][6] In addition, the incidence of fusarial onychomycosis has increased, affecting even healthy individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a biofilm formed by Fusarium oxysporum on the human nails

et al. 2021

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Background Fusarium spp. has been considered as an onychomycosis agent, but little is known about the etiopathogenesis of fusarial onychomycosis; thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the fungal-nail interaction and the consequences of the nail infection process by Fusarium oxysporum using the human nail, in an ex vivo model. MethodsThe kinetic of biofilm production and infection by F. oxysporum using the nail as the only nutritional source were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, number of culturable cells, metabolic activity, characterization of extracellular matrix, spectroscopy and histopathology analyses.Results After evaluating the biofilm kinetic over 7 days using different parameters and techniques, it was possible to characterize the Fusarium-nail interaction.Conclusions This study is a part of a big project aiming to clarify the fusarial pathogenesis and contributes to proving F. oxysporum is able to adapt, grow, develop, and form a biofilm on healthy human nails, which are crucial steps for the invasion process.

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“…Non-dermathophyte molds cause 20%-30% of nail infections, mainly in toenails, and usually after previous nail traumas. These pathogens belong to genera such as Fusarium, Aspergillus, Acremonium, Scytalidium and Scopulariopsis [3,8,9]. Finally, yeasts cause 10% to 20% of all onychomycosis, with main species being Candida albicans (accounting for 70% of all yeast onychomycosis), C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis, mainly in immunosuppressed patients or those ones with vascular problems [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined laser and ozone therapy for onychomycosis in an in vitro and ex vivo model

Fernández

Fernández²,

Villar

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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In order to develop a fast combined method for onychomycosis treatment using an in vitro and an ex vivo models, a combination of two dual-diode lasers at 405 nm and 639 nm wavelengths, in a continuous manner, together with different ozone concentrations (until 80 ppm), was used for performing the experiments on fungal strains growing on PDA agar medium or on pig’s hooves samples. In the in vitro model experiments, with 30 min combined treatment, all species are inhibited at 40 ppm ozone concentration, except S. brevicaulis, which didn’t show an inhibition in comparison with only ozone treatment. In the ex vivo model experiments, with the same duration and ozone concentration, A. chrysogenum and E. floccosum showed total inhibition; T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum showed a 75% growth inhibition; M. canis showed a delay in sporulation; and S. brevicaulis and A. terreus did not show growth inhibition. This combined laser and ozone treatment may be developed as a fast therapy for human onychomycosis, as a potential alternative to the use of antifungal drugs with potential side effects and long duration treatments.

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Non‐dermatophyte fungi in onychomycosis—Epidemiology and consequences for clinical practice

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Common diseases of the nail: Diagnosis and therapy

Common diseases of the nail: Diagnosis and therapy

Characterization of a biofilm formed by Fusarium oxysporum on the human nails

Combined laser and ozone therapy for onychomycosis in an in vitro and ex vivo model

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