Non-curative, but prophylactic effects of paromomycin in Histomonas meleagridis-infected turkeys and its effect on performance in non-infected turkeys

Bleyen, Nele; Gussem, K. De; Pham, Anh Dao Nguyen; Ons, Ellen; Gerven, Nani Van; Goddeeris, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.07.007

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Histomonas infects a broad range of gallinaceous birds including chickens, pheasants, quails, guinea fowl and peafowl, although it is most renowned for its ability to decimate commercial turkey flocks resulting in huge economic losses (McDougald, 2005;Bleyen et al 2009;Leberl et al 2009). Histomonas infects a broad range of gallinaceous birds including chickens, pheasants, quails, guinea fowl and peafowl, although it is most renowned for its ability to decimate commercial turkey flocks resulting in huge economic losses (McDougald, 2005;Bleyen et al 2009;Leberl et al 2009).…”

Section: Histomonas Meleagridis and Parahistomonas Wenrichimentioning

confidence: 99%

The ambiguous life ofDientamoeba fragilis: the need to investigate current hypotheses on transmission

et al. 2011

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Dientamoeba fragilis is an inhabitant of the human bowel and is associated with gastrointestinal illness. Despite its discovery over a century ago, the details of Dientamoeba's life cycle are unclear and its mode of transmission is unknown. Several theories exist which attempt to explain how Dientamoeba may be transmitted. One theory suggests that animals are responsible for the transmission of Dientamoeba. However, reports of Dientamoeba in animals are sporadic and most are not supported by molecular evidence. Another theory suggests that Dientamoeba may be transmitted via the ova of a helminth. Given that the closest relative of Dientamoeba is transmitted via the ova of a helminth, this theory seems plausible. It has also been suggested that Dientamoeba could be transmitted directly between humans. This theory also seems plausible given that other relatives of Dientamoeba are transmitted in this way. Despite numerous investigations, Dientamoeba's mode of transmission remains unknown. This review discusses the strengths and weaknesses of theories relating to Dientamoeba's mode of transmission and, by doing so, indicates where gaps in current knowledge exist. Where information is lacking, suggestions are made as to how future research could improve our knowledge on the life cycle of Dientamoeba.

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Section: Histomonas Meleagridis and Parahistomonas Wenrichimentioning

confidence: 99%

The ambiguous life ofDientamoeba fragilis: the need to investigate current hypotheses on transmission

et al. 2011

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“…This stresses the need for new intervention strategies. Although in-feed paromomycin proved to be highly effective for the prevention of histomonosis (Bleyen et al, 2009;Hafez et al, 2010;van der Heijden et al, 2011), its registration may be difficult due to increasing concerns of consumers, scientists and legislators about (long-term) antibiotic usage and the development of resistance and its transfer to humans. Consequently, the quest for new intervention strategies has been focused on herbal products and probiotics due to a renewed interest in natural and herbal medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of parasite shedding and horizontal transmission parameters inHistomonas meleagridis-infected turkeys determined by real-time quantitative PCR

et al. 2015

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To gain more insight into the within flock transmission of Histomonas meleagridis, the shedding of parasites was quantified by a newly developed real-time quantitative (q)PCR and the basic reproduction number (R 0 ) and the mean number of secondary infections per infectious bird per day in a susceptible population (β) of H. meleagridis in the absence of heterakis were assessed. Forty turkeys were divided into two groups of 10 and 30 birds at 14 days of age. Birds of the first group were inoculated with 200,000 histomonads each, the second group served as a susceptible contact group. Cloacal swabs were taken at −1, 1, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, 18 and 21 days post inoculation (p.i.) to assess the shedding of the parasite by the qPCR (detection limit 330 histomonads/ml droppings). The experiment ended at 28 days p.i. Mortality was 100% in the inoculated birds and started at day 12 p.i., while in the contacts, it was 83% and started at 16 days p.i. Shedding started 1 day after the inoculation in both groups. The mean shedding levels (and 95% CI) expressed as parasite equivalents per gram cloacal content on a log 10 scale in the inoculated, contact birds that died and contact birds alive were 2.0 (1.6-2.4), 1.6 (1.4-1.9) and 1.2 (0.5-2.0), respectively. Birds that died shed histomonas more often and were infectious for 13.4 days; in contrast, those that recovered were infectious for 5.7 days. R 0 was estimated to be 8.4 and β 0.70. Simulations made with the parameters obtained were in agreement with the experimental results, confirming their validity.

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“…Histomoniasis in turkeys can be prevented by in-feed administration of paromomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antimicrobial agent (Lindquist, 1962;Bleyen et al, 2009;Hafez et al, 2010;van der Heijden et al, 2011). Maximum residue limits have been established according to the requirements of EC Council Regulation (EEC) 2377/90.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of in-feed paromomycin supplementation on antimicrobial resistance of enteric bacteria in turkeys

Kempf

Roux

Perrin-Guyomard

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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Non-curative, but prophylactic effects of paromomycin in Histomonas meleagridis-infected turkeys and its effect on performance in non-infected turkeys

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

The ambiguous life ofDientamoeba fragilis: the need to investigate current hypotheses on transmission

The ambiguous life ofDientamoeba fragilis: the need to investigate current hypotheses on transmission

Quantification of parasite shedding and horizontal transmission parameters inHistomonas meleagridis-infected turkeys determined by real-time quantitative PCR

Effect of in-feed paromomycin supplementation on antimicrobial resistance of enteric bacteria in turkeys

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