Non-Contact Human Vital Signs Extraction Algorithms Using IR-UWB Radar: A Review

Abstract

The knowledge of heart and respiratory rates (HRs and RRs) is essential in assessing human body static. This has been associated with many applications, such as survivor rescue in ruins, lie detection, and human emotion detection. Thus, the vital signal extraction from radar echoes after pre-treatments, which have been applied using various methods by many researchers, has exceedingly become a necessary part of its further usage. In this review, we describe the variety of techniques used for vital signal extraction and verify their accuracy and efficiency. Emerging approaches such as wavelet analysis and mode decomposition offer great opportunities to measure vital signals. These developments would promote advancements in industries such as medical and social security by replacing the current electrocardiograms (ECGs), emotion detection for survivor status assessment, polygraphs, etc.

Two-Step Accuracy Improvement for Multitarget Detection in Complex Environment Using UWB Radar

“…Thus, an essential branch of UWB radar research and applications appeared, considering its capabilities: noncontact monitoring of human vital signs. It achieves human monitoring and vital sign extraction by taking advantage of the micro-Doppler modulation of radar waves by human micromotions, such as chest wall motions caused by cardiopulmonary activity [10][11][12]. With the information obtained from human targets after processing radar echoes, real-time monitoring and analyses of the human body status have become a possible noninvasive healthcare approach.…”

“…With the information obtained from human targets after processing radar echoes, real-time monitoring and analyses of the human body status have become a possible noninvasive healthcare approach. Furthermore, UWB radar has great research value and application potential because of its noncontact detection and privacy protection abilities in healthcare [13,14], clinical monitoring [10,15], the smart home industry [16,17], and various indoor applications [18,19], which arouses continuous interest among researchers around the globe.…”

Enhancement of Vital Signals for UWB Through-Wall Radar Using Low-Rank and Block-Sparse Matrix Decomposition

“…UWB impulse radar, as a form of UWB signaling, radiates ultra-narrow pulses that are inherently broadband, which can detect the micromotion of a human target. Due to the simple structure, low cost, and low power consumption, UWB impulse radar is increasingly being used for obstacle-penetrating stationary human target detection [10][11][12]. The Doppler effect caused by vital signs such as respiratory rate and heartbeat is utilized to detect and localize the human targets in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios [13,14].…”