Non-Contact Geomagnetic Detection Using Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise and Teager Energy Operator

Abstract

During the non-contact geomagnetic detection of pipeline defects, measured signals generally contain noise, which reduces detection efficiency. Complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) has recently emerged as a signal filtering method, but its filtering performance is influenced by two parameters: the amplitude of added noise and the number of ensemble trials. To solve this issue and improve detection accuracy and distinguishability, a detection method based on improved CEEMDAN (ICEEDMAN) and the Teager energy operator (TEO) is proposed. The magnetic detection signal was first decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by CEEMDAN with initial parameters. Signal IMFs were then distinguished using the Hurst exponent to reconstruct the preliminary filtered signal, and its maximum value (except the zero point) of the normalized autocorrelation function was defined as salp swarm algorithm (SSA) fitness. The optimal parameters that maximize fitness were found by SSA iterations, and their corresponding filtered signal was obtained. Finally, the gradient calculation and TEO were carried out to complete non-contact geomagnetic detection. The results of the simulated signal based on magnetic dipole under a noisy environment and field testing prove that ICEEMDAN denoising has better filtering performance than conventional CEEMDAN denoising methods, and ICEEMDAN-TEO has obvious advantages compared to other detection methods in the aspects of location error, peak side-lobe ratio, and integrated side-lobe ratio.

A Novel Noise Reduction Method of UAV Magnetic Survey Data Based on CEEMDAN, Permutation Entropy, Correlation Coefficient and Wavelet Threshold Denoising

“…The IMF meets the following two conditions: (a) the number of extremum points and zero-crossing points must be equal or not exceed one, and (b) the mean value of the upper envelope formed by the local maximum points and the lower envelope formed by the local minimum points is zero. The procedure of EMD is summarized as follows [30]:…”

Metrology and Measurement Systems

“…However, due to the attenuation and discontinuity of its signal characteristics, it still needs further research and improvement. Magnetic Tomography Method (MTM) and Geomagnetic Method (GM) are passive detection technologies based on environmental magnetic field [11,12] which are easy to operate and can reflect stress concentration areas. But the passive magnetic field is very weak and the method's resistance to interference is poor which makes the detection signal vulnerable to external interference and effective information difficult to extract.…”