Non-communicable disease risk factor profile among public employees in a regional city in northern Ethiopia

Gebremariam, Lemlem Weldegerima; Chiang, Chifa; Yatsuya, Hiroshi; Hilawe, Esayas Haregot; Kahsay, Alemayehu Bayray; Godefay, Hagos; Abraham, Loko; Hirakawa, Yoshihisa; Iso, Hiroyasu; Aoyama, Atsuko

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27519-6

Cited by 43 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The finding of the present study is consistent with the findings on the prevalence of hypertension in Hawassa (19.7%) (8) Mekelle (19.1%) (5) and the national prevalence (15.8%) (7). However, it is lower than the findings of the studies in Addis Ababa (32.3%) (15), Jigjiga (28.3%) (10), Durame (22.4%) (12), Bahir dar (23.5%) (22) and Gonder (28.3%) (13) and higher than the findings of the studies in Jimma (13.2%) (11) and Sidama zone (9.9%) (9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This study revealed that hypertension is associated with old age, excessive alcohol drinking, utilization of saturated fats/oils or unspecified different types of fats/oils and abnormal BMI. It has been mentioned by other reviewed studies that an increment in age has the effect on the blood pressure, which might be due to changes that happen in the walls of blood vessels as age increases (5, 10, 11). Similarly, consumption of excessive saturated fat/oil is also a risk factor for hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because; the body will convert saturated fats into cholesterol, which in turn will narrow the arteries and raises resistance in the blood vessels, resulting in high blood pressure [(23)]. Studies also identified that abnormal BMI (obesity) is associated with hypertension (5, 10, 23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ethiopia, according to the finding from WHO STEPS survey of 2015, the prevalence of hypertension was found to be 15.8% (7). There are also few studies reported the prevalence of hypertension varying from 8% to 35% (5, 8-16). Moreover, the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension, those who neither aware of the raised blood pressure nor taking any anti-hypertensive medications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Undiagnosed and diagnosed hypertension in a community setting at Hosanna town: Uncovering the burden

Dereje¹,

Earsido²,

Abebe³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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13Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardio-vascular diseases and its attributed 14 mortality. No previous study, however, assessed the prevalence and associated factors of 15 hypertension in the study area. 16Methods: We recruited a representative sample of 627 adult individuals from selected kebeles 17 of Hosanna town. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed in the study. A structured 18 questionnaire using the WHO STEPS approach was employed to conduct a face to face interview 19 and physical measurements. For each participant, we measured blood pressure two times after 20 giving 10 minutes breaks between the measurements and we took the average. Hypertension 21 status was defined as "systolic blood pressure ≥140mmhg and/or diastolic blood pressure 22 ≥90mmhg". Undiagnosed hypertension was defined as participants who had raised blood 23 pressure on measurement, but not aware of it before. We used Multivariable logistic regression 24 model to determine factors associated with hypertension. 25Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was found to be 17.2% (95% CI 14.5 -19.9), 26 19.3% among men and 14.2% among women, of which 10.2% were unaware of it before. 27Hypertension was significantly associated with old age ≥35 years, excess alcohol intake, 28 consumption of saturated oil/fat), consumption of unspecified different types of oil/fat and 29 overweight/obesity.30 Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension (both diagnosed and undiagnosed) in the town is 31 unacceptably high. This is also related to modifiable risk factors like excessive alcohol intake, 32 overweight/obesity and consumption of saturated fat/oil. Therefore, designing health information 33 provision systems on the risk factors of hypertension and promotion of good health practices 3 34 should be considered. Moreover, the health departments should facilitate blood pressure 35 screening programs at community levels to identify and treat undiagnosed hypertension. 36 Key words: Hypertension, Undiagnosed hypertension, Raised blood pressure, Community 37 based, WHO STEPS 38 4 40 8 131 of unhealthy diet was measured using the fruit and vegetables consumption level, eating outside 132 the home and type of oil/fat most used for meal preparation. 133 Data management and analysis 134 Data were checked, cleaned, and entered in to Epi data 3.1. Version software, then imported to 135 SPSS version 20 software for analysis. Incomplete and inconsistent data were excluded from the 136 analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample. The prevalence of hypertension 137 was described using the proportion and 95% confidence interval. Associations between 138 independent variables and dependent variables were analyzed first using bivariate analysis to 139 identify factors eligible for multivariable analysis. Those variables with p-value < 0.25 in the 140 bivariate analysis were included in the multi-variable analysis. The magnitude of the association 141between the independent and dependent variables was measured using odds rat...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Undiagnosed and diagnosed hypertension in a community setting at Hosanna town: Uncovering the burden

Dereje¹,

Earsido²,

Abebe³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The fact that levels were found to be higher than neighbouring states point towards In the current study, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and raised blood pressure (BP) were more prevalent in males than females which is consistent with findings from several other STEPS surveys in the country as well as surrounding nations. [27,43,53,54] Despite higher physical activity levels among females, the central as well as abdominal obesity were higher among females. This calls for an in-depth understanding of dietary patterns and type of physical activities among females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Non-Communicable Diseases and their determinants: A Cross-sectional State-Wide STEPS Survey, Haryana, North India

Thakur

Jeet

Nangia

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Noncommunicable disease risk factors and cardiovascular risk among adults in Ethiopia: A cross‐sectional study

Alamnia,

Sargent,

Kelly

2023

Public Health Challenges

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BackgroundNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are rising in developing countries, posing substantial health, social, and economic consequences. Targeted action to address NCDs is difficult without data on the prevalence and social distribution of the risk factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among randomly sampled adults in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. Sociodemographic, lifestyle risk factors, knowledge, and anthropometric measurements were collected. Chi‐square and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors for NCD risk factors and cardiovascular risk.ResultsThis study involved 417 participants, with a mean age of 35.6 ± 12.6 years, in which 54.7% were females. The prevalence of inadequate fruit/vegetable intake was 95.7%, alcohol consumption 53.0%, physical inactivity 37.9%, tobacco use 1.9%, khat use 5.1%, hypertension 20.7%, overweight/obesity 29.6%, and abdominal obesity 67.4%. Overall, 55% of adults have clusters of three or more risk factors, and 14.6% have a moderate (10%–20%) 10‐year cardiovascular risk. Factors associated with NCD risk factors are sex, age, religion, marital status, occupation, and income. Ten‐year cardiovascular risk is higher in men (adjusted odd ratio (OR) 4.2, 95% CI 1.5–11.4), in adults with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.4–24.2), and in those with clustered risk factors (adjusted OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.6–10.3).ConclusionThis study shows that adults in Northwest Ethiopia are at high risk of developing NCDs. Coordinated, multisectoral interventions at all levels of the socio‐ecological model are needed to reduce the risk factors.

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Non-communicable disease risk factor profile among public employees in a regional city in northern Ethiopia

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Undiagnosed and diagnosed hypertension in a community setting at Hosanna town: Uncovering the burden

Undiagnosed and diagnosed hypertension in a community setting at Hosanna town: Uncovering the burden

Non-Communicable Diseases and their determinants: A Cross-sectional State-Wide STEPS Survey, Haryana, North India

Noncommunicable disease risk factors and cardiovascular risk among adults in Ethiopia: A cross‐sectional study

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