Non-Coding RNAs: Uncharted Mediators of Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis

Tabatabaeian, Hossein; Yang, Samantha Peiling; Tay, Yvonne

doi:10.3390/cancers12113264

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 255 publications

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“…SNORD50A/B (C/D box), which directly binds and inhibits K-Ras, is deleted across multiple cancer types 47 . Small nuclear RNAs have been incompletely studied in thyroid cancer 48 . Our results suggest that additional functional studies are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis discloses dysregulated genes in normal appearing tumor-adjacent thyroid tissues from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Liyanarachchi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The molecular characteristics of histologically normal appearing tissue adjacent to the tumor (NAT) from PTC patients are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize the global gene expression profile of NAT and compare it with those of normal and tumor thyroid tissues. We performed total RNA sequencing with fresh frozen thyroid tissues from a cohort of three categories of samples including NAT, normal thyroid (N), and PTC tumor (T). Transcriptome analysis shows that NAT presents a unique gene expression profile, which was not associated with sex or the presence of lymphocytic thyroiditis. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of NAT vs N, 256 coding genes and 5 noncoding genes have been reported as cancer genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and/or tumorigenesis. Bioinformatics analysis with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software revealed that “Cancer, Organismal Injury and Abnormalities, Cellular Response to Therapeutics, and Cellular Movement” were major dysregulated pathways in the NAT tissues. This study provides improved insight into the complexity of gene expression changes in the thyroid glands of patients with PTC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis discloses dysregulated genes in normal appearing tumor-adjacent thyroid tissues from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Liyanarachchi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…In recent years, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), comprising 95% of the total amount of RNA and transcribed from what were previously considered “junk DNA” sequences, have emerged as novel functional molecules or biomarkers in the progression and processes of a variety of diseases [ 9 , 10 ]. Among these, circular RNA (circRNA), unlike common linear RNAs, is a covalently closed-ring molecule without the 5′-3′ polar covalently closed loop structure or the polycyclic adenylate tail [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNA ciRS-7 affects the propagation of Cryptosporidium parvum in HCT-8 cells by sponging miR-1270 to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway

et al. 2021

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Background Cryptosporidium is an important zoonotic pathogen responsible for severe enteric diseases in humans and animals. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying host and Cryptosporidium interactions are still not clear. Methods To study the roles of circRNAs in host cells during Cryptosporidium infection, the expression profiles of circRNAs in HCT-8 cells infected with C. parvum were investigated using a microarray assay, and the regulatory role of a significantly upregulated circRNA, ciRS-7, was investigated during C. parvum infection. Results C. parvum infection caused notable alterations in the expression profiles of circRNAs in HCT-8 cells, and a total of 178 (including 128 up- and 50 downregulated) circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed following C. parvum infection. Among them, ciRS-7 was significantly upregulated and regulated the NF-κB signaling pathway by sponging miR-1270 during C. parvum infection. Furthermore, the ciRS-7/miR-1270/relA axis markedly affected the propagation of C. parvum in HCT-8 cells. Conclusions Our results revealed that ciRS-7 would promote C. parvum propagation by regulating the miR-1270/relA axis and affecting the NF-κB pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the role of circRNA during Cryptosporidium infection, and the findings provide a novel view for implementing control strategies against Cryptosporidium infection. Graphic Abstract

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“…Recent research has revealed the enormous promise for miRNAs to improve the diagnosis, and management of all major gynecological cancers (cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancers) [ 1 ]. This is backed up by research on miRNAs in other cancers such as thyroid, breast and gastric cancer [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Numerous miRNAs are believed to influence multiple biological functions, leading to modulation of the tumor microenvironment, including stemness, growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview

Fiore

Suleiman

Pentimalli

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Gynecological cancers pose an important public health issue, with a high incidence among women of all ages. Gynecological cancers such as malignant germ-cell tumors, sex-cord-stromal tumors, uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, vulvar carcinoma and melanoma of the female genital tract, are defined as rare with an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. Rare gynecological cancers (RGCs) are associated with poor prognosis, and given the low incidence of each entity, there is the risk of delayed diagnosis due to clinical inexperience and limited therapeutic options. There has been a growing interest in the field of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides in length, because of their potential to regulate diverse biological processes. miRNAs usually induce mRNA degradation and translational repression by interacting with the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target mRNAs, as well as other regions and gene promoters, as well as activating translation or regulating transcription under certain conditions. Recent research has revealed the enormous promise of miRNAs for improving the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of all major gynecological cancers. However, to date, only a few studies have been performed on RGCs. In this review, we summarize the data currently available regarding RGCs.

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Non-Coding RNAs: Uncharted Mediators of Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis

Cited by 27 publications

References 255 publications

Transcriptome analysis discloses dysregulated genes in normal appearing tumor-adjacent thyroid tissues from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Transcriptome analysis discloses dysregulated genes in normal appearing tumor-adjacent thyroid tissues from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Circular RNA ciRS-7 affects the propagation of Cryptosporidium parvum in HCT-8 cells by sponging miR-1270 to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway

Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview

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