Non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland Development and Disease

Sandhu, Gurveen K; Milevskiy, Michael J. G.; Wilson, Wesley V.; Shewan, Annette M.; Brown, Melissa A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7417-8_7

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 240 publications

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“…Recently, genome-wide studies have shown that the human genome is pervasively transcribed and produces many thousands of regulatory non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are well recognized as versatile and effective regulatory molecules in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis [30,31]. Currently, ncRNAs include miRNAs, small interfering RNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs and various classes of long ncRNAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of MicroRNA-301a and its Functional Roles in Malignant Melanoma

Cui

Li²,

Lv³

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Although microRNA-301a has been reported to function as an oncogene in many human cancers, the roles of miR-301a in malignant melanoma (MM) is unclear. The present study aims to investigate the functional roles of miR-301a in MM and its possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to detect the expression of miR-301a in MM tissues, and analyze its correlation with metastasis and prognosis of MM patients. In vitro, miR-301a was ectopically expressed using overexpression and knock-down strategies, and the effects of miR-301a expression on growth, apoptosis, migration, invasion and chemosensitivity of MM cells were further investigated. Furthermore, the potential and functional target gene was identified by luciferase reporter, qRT-PCR, Western blot assays. Results: We showed that the expression of miR-301a was significantly upregulated in MM tissues, and upregulation of miR-301a correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis of MM patients. Transfection of miR-301a/inhibitor significantly inhibited growth, colony formation, migration, invasion and enhanced apoptosis and chemosensitivity in MM cells, while transfection of miR-301a/mimic could induce the inverse effects on phenotypes of MM cells. Luciferase reporter, qRT-PCR and Western blot assays showed that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was a direct and functional target of miR-301a. It was also observed that the Akt and FAK signaling pathways were involved in miR-301/PTEN-promoting MM progression. Conclusion: Taken together, our study suggests that miR-301a may be used as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of human MM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of MicroRNA-301a and its Functional Roles in Malignant Melanoma

Cui

Li²,

Lv³

et al. 2016

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…The expression of several lncRNAs, such as NEAT1 and pregnancy‐induced non‐coding RNA (Pinc1), is involved in development and function of the mammary gland (Ginger et al, ; Sandhu et al, ). The lncRNA NEAT1 was essential in sustaining lobular‐alveolar development and ductal branching of the breast anatomy, affecting mammary gland and lactation capability.…”

Section: Lncrnas In Wnt‐mediated Pathogenesis In Female Reproductive mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Lnc’‐ing Wnt in female reproductive cancers: therapeutic potential of long non‐coding RNAs in Wnt signalling

Ong

Cai

Yuan

et al. 2017

British J Pharmacology

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Recent discoveries in the non-coding genome have challenged the original central dogma of molecular biology, as non-coding RNAs and related processes have been found to be important in regulating gene expression. MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are among those that have gained attention recently in human diseases, including cancer, with the involvement of many more non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) waiting to be discovered. ncRNAs are a group of ribonucleic acids transcribed from regions of the human genome, which do not become translated into proteins, despite having essential roles in cellular physiology. Deregulation of ncRNA expression and function has been observed in cancer pathogenesis. Recently, the roles of a group of ncRNA known as lncRNA have gained attention in cancer, with increasing reports of their oncogenic involvement. Female reproductive cancers remain a leading cause of death in the female population, accounting for almost a third of all female cancer deaths in 2016. The Wnt signalling pathway is one of the most important oncogenic signalling pathways which is hyperactivated in cancers, including female reproductive cancers. The extension of ncRNA research into their mechanistic roles in human cancers has also led to novel reported roles of ncRNAs in the Wnt pathway and Wnt-mediated oncogenesis. This review aims to provide a critical summary of the respective roles and cellular functions of Wnt-associated lncRNAs in female reproductive cancers and explores the potential of circulating cell-free lncRNAs as diagnostic markers and lncRNAs as therapeutic targets. LGR5, leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; LRP, lipoprotein receptor-related protein; MALAT1, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; miRNA, microRNA; NBAT1, neuroblastoma-associated transcript 1; ncRNA, non-coding RNAs; NEAT1, nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1; NGS, next-generation sequencing; PCA3, prostate cancer antigen 3; PCDH10, protocadherin 10; PCP, Wnt/planar cell polarity; PCR2, polycomb repressive 2; Pinc, pregnancy-induced non-coding RNA; RNAi, RNA interference; shRNA, short hairpin RNAs; TCF, transcription factors T cell factor; UCA1, urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 LINKED ARTICLES

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“…MiRNA regulation of three important signalling pathways (NOTCH, PTEN and HIPPO) in MG and breast cancer cells was recently reviewed [15]. Important miRNAs regulating these pathways include mir-34, mir-29, mir-146, mir-199 and mir-200 families for NOTCH signalling pathway, miR-21 and miR-155 for PTEN signalling pathway and miR-934 for HIPPO pathway.…”

Section: Current Topics In Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MiR130b regulation of PPARγ coactivator-1α suppressed fat metabolism in GMEC [96]. In non-ruminant species, many miRNAs, including let-7 family members, mir-17/92, miR-30b, miR-93, miR-99a and miR-b, miR-101a, miR-126-3p, miR-138, miR-146b, miR-200 family members, mir-203, miR-205, miR-206, miR-210, miR-212/132, miR-221 and miR-424/50, have been reported to play roles in mammary gland development and disease [15]. Some miRNAs with functionally validated targets are summarized in Table 2.…”

Section: Functional Validation Of Microrna Target Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13,14]). Emerging studies now suggest that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of mammary gland development and lactation processes [15][16][17]. The results from the ENCODE (ENCyclopedia of DNA elements) project [18,19] indicate that only a small portion of the genome, about 1.5%, codes for proteins while most of the genome is transcribed into non-coding regulatory elements or ncRNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Coding RNA Roles in Ruminant Mammary Gland Development and Lactation

Ngoc¹,

Ibeagha‐Awemu²

2017

Current Topics in Lactation

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The ruminant mammary gland (MG) is an important organ charged with the production of milk for young and human nourishment. ) are a class of untranslated RNA molecules that function to regulate gene expression, associated biochemical pathways and cellular functions and are involved in many biological processes. This chapter presents a review of the current state of knowledge on the role of ncRNAs (particularly miRNAs and lncRNAs) in the MG and lactation processes, lactation signalling pathways, lipid metabolism, MG health of ruminants as well as miRNA roles in milk recipients. Finally, the potential application of new genome editing technology for ncRNA studies in MG development, the lactation process and milk components is presented.

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Non-coding RNAs in Mammary Gland Development and Disease

Cited by 28 publications

References 240 publications

Expression of MicroRNA-301a and its Functional Roles in Malignant Melanoma

Expression of MicroRNA-301a and its Functional Roles in Malignant Melanoma

‘Lnc’‐ing Wnt in female reproductive cancers: therapeutic potential of long non‐coding RNAs in Wnt signalling

Non-Coding RNA Roles in Ruminant Mammary Gland Development and Lactation

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