Non-coding RNAs as Epigenetic Gene Regulators in Cardiovascular Diseases

Jiang, Wanlin; Agrawal, Devendra K.; Boosani, Chandra Shekhar

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_7

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Non-coding RNA molecules have emerged as key components of epigenetic regulator networks, with potent capabilities of modulating gene expression in almost every biological and pathogenic process [25][26][27]. In recent years, roles of long non-coding RNAs have received enormous attention by the research community due to their widespread involvement in multiple functions and mechanisms in changing the target gene expression [16,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of long non-coding RNA and mRNA profiles associated with extracellular matrix homeostasis and vascular aging in rats

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2021

Bioengineered

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Vascular aging has been closely associated with various cardiovascular disorders; however, its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In our study, RNA sequencing was utilized to explore the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in the thoracic aortas of young (3 weeks) and old (16 weeks) rats. Functional categorization of differentially expressed mRNAs was evaluated using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, and lncRNA-microRNA-mRNA networks was constructed using Cytoscape software. In addition, three upregulated and three downregulated lncRNAs were further confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. A total of 36 lncRNAs and 922 mRNAs were differential expression in the thoracic aortas of young and older rats. In addition, we found differentially expressed mRNAs that were enriched in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways associated with angiogenesis, such as extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and adenosine 3ʹ,5ʹ-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Moreover, AABR07013558.1, AABR07014823.1, and AABR07031489.1 were upregulated and ABR07053849.3, AABR07067310.2, and AC111292.1 were downregulated in the thoracic aortas of older rats compared with the young ones. Therefore, our findings provide several potential lncRNAs and mRNAs and signaling pathways related to vascular aging, which provide new clue for underlying the improvement of vascular aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of long non-coding RNA and mRNA profiles associated with extracellular matrix homeostasis and vascular aging in rats

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2021

Bioengineered

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“…Two large subsets of non-coding RNAs are long non-coding RNAs which are > 200 nucleotide-long, and short non-coding RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs), short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) which are all less than 200 nucleotide-long ( 87 ). Altered expression of both miRNAs and lncRNAs have been shown to be associated with altered histone modifications and DNA methylation status of genes ( 88 , 89 ).…”

Section: Intrauterine Growth Restriction and The Associated Altered E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Mechanisms Responsible for the Transgenerational Inheritance of Intrauterine Growth Restriction Phenotypes

2022

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A poorly functioning placenta results in impaired exchanges of oxygen, nutrition, wastes and hormones between the mother and her fetus. This can lead to restriction of fetal growth. These growth restricted babies are at increased risk of developing chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease, later in life. Animal studies have shown that growth restricted phenotypes are sex-dependent and can be transmitted to subsequent generations through both the paternal and maternal lineages. Altered epigenetic mechanisms, specifically changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs that regulate expression of genes that are important for fetal development have been shown to be associated with the transmission pattern of growth restricted phenotypes. This review will discuss the subsequent health outcomes in the offspring after growth restriction and the transmission patterns of these diseases. Evidence of altered epigenetic mechanisms in association with fetal growth restriction will also be reviewed.

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“…As writer enzymes, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) catalyze DNA methylation by transferring a methyl group onto the C5 position of a cytosine at CpG dinucleotide sites to form 5mCpG[ 30 ]. A member of the DNMT family, DNMT1, which is also called the maintenance DNMT, maintains the original methylation pattern during DNA replication, while DNMT3a and DNMT3b are involved in de novo methylation[ 30 , 31 ]. The interaction of lncRNAs with DNMTs is varied and reciprocal.…”

Section: Dna Methylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic regulation by long noncoding RNAs in osteo-/adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells and degenerative bone diseases

Xia¹,

Yu²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

WJSC

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Bone is a complex tissue that undergoes constant remodeling to maintain homeostasis, which requires coordinated multilineage differentiation and proper proliferation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Mounting evidence indicates that a disturbance of bone homeostasis can trigger degenerative bone diseases, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. In addition to conventional genetic modifications, epigenetic modifications ( i.e. , DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the expression of noncoding RNAs) are considered to be contributing factors that affect bone homeostasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were previously regarded as ‘transcriptional noise’ with no biological functions. However, substantial evidence suggests that lncRNAs have roles in the epigenetic regulation of biological processes in MSCs and related diseases. In this review, we summarized the interactions between lncRNAs and epigenetic modifiers associated with osteo-/adipogenic differentiation of MSCs and the pathogenesis of degenerative bone diseases and highlighted promising lncRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic targets for bone diseases.

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Non-coding RNAs as Epigenetic Gene Regulators in Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 18 publications

References 76 publications

Alterations of long non-coding RNA and mRNA profiles associated with extracellular matrix homeostasis and vascular aging in rats

Alterations of long non-coding RNA and mRNA profiles associated with extracellular matrix homeostasis and vascular aging in rats

Epigenetic Mechanisms Responsible for the Transgenerational Inheritance of Intrauterine Growth Restriction Phenotypes

Epigenetic regulation by long noncoding RNAs in osteo-/adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells and degenerative bone diseases

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