Non-Coding RNA and Frizzled Receptors in Cancer

Smith, Alex J.; Sompel, Kayla; Elango, Alamelu P.; Tennis, Meredith A.

doi:10.3389/fmolb.2021.712546

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Non-coding RNAs, including microRNA (miRNA), long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA), small interference RNA (siRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) are known to make up more than 75% of the genome transcripts and regulate various physiological processes during development and tumorigenesis 7 , 8 . These regulatory functions are brought about through the interaction of these non-coding RNAs with several other signaling pathways 9 , 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs modulate Hippo-YAP signaling: functional mechanisms in cancer

Qadir¹,

Li²,

Yang³

2022

Theranostics

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The Hippo signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved network that regulates organ size and tissue homeostasis in mammals. This pathway controls various cell functions, such as growth, proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and stemness by switching 'on' or 'off' its inhibitory and/or transcriptional module, thereby regulating target gene(s) expression. Altered Hippo signaling has been implicated in various forms of cancers. Increasing evidence suggests cross-talk between the Hippo signaling pathway and non-coding RNAs, in particular circular RNAs (circRNAs). In this context, the current review presents the mechanistic interplay between the Hippo pathway and related circRNAs in various forms of cancers, along with the capabilities of these circRNAs to function either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes through miRNA sponging or protein binding mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss the constraints and limitations in circRNA mechanistic studies while highlighting some outstanding questions regarding the roles of circRNAs associated with the Hippo-YAP pathway in cancer. Finally, we delineate the potential of these circRNAs to be employed as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as molecular hotspots for cancer therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs modulate Hippo-YAP signaling: functional mechanisms in cancer

Qadir¹,

Li²,

Yang³

2022

Theranostics

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“…Many researchers point to the important role of the miRNA axis in the progression of various cancers [93][94][95][96]. It is now clear that miRNAs could be evaluated as predictors of the response to therapy and as biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Unravelling the Role of ERα-Targeting miRNAs in the Exosome-Mediated Transferring of the Hormone Resistance

et al. 2021

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Hormone therapy is one of the most effective breast cancer treatments, however, its application is limited by the progression of hormonal resistance, both primary or acquired. The development of hormonal resistance is caused either by an irreversible block of hormonal signalling (suppression of the activity or synthesis of hormone receptors), or by activation of oestrogen-independent signalling pathways. Recently the effect of exosome-mediated intercellular transfer of hormonal resistance was revealed, however, the molecular mechanism of this effect is still unknown. Here, the role of exosomal miRNAs (microRNAs) in the transferring of hormonal resistance in breast cancer cells has been studied. The methods used in the work include extraction, purification and RNAseq of miRNAs, transfection of miRNA mimetics, immunoblotting, reporter analysis and the MTT test. Using MCF7 breast cancer cells and MCF7/T tamoxifen-resistant sub-line, we have found that some miRNAs, suppressors of oestrogen receptor signalling, are overexpressed in the exosomes of the resistant breast cancer cells. The multiple (but not single) transfection of one of the identified miRNA, miR-181a-2, into oestrogen-dependent MCF7 cells induced the irreversible tamoxifen resistance associated with the continuous block of the oestrogen receptor signalling and the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. We suppose that the miRNAs-ERα suppressors may act as trigger agents inducing the block of oestrogen receptor signalling and breast cancer cell transition to an aggressive oestrogen-independent state.

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“…ncRNAs play an essential regulatory role in various biological processes such as cell proliferation, epigenetic modification, and cell apoptosis ( Yang et al, 2021b ). The top three most commonly described ncRNA molecules are miRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) ( Smith et al, 2021 ). miRNAs are a group of non-coding RNA molecules with a length of 19–25 nucleotides that participate in the regulation of gene expression after transcription by targeting the 3untranslated region of the target mRNA sequence and inhibiting mRNA levels ( Navabi et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: The Role Of Extracellular Vesicles-derived From Neurons/neur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicle Derived From Neurons/Neurogliocytes in Central Nervous System Diseases: Novel Insights Into Ischemic Stroke

Kang

Xin

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Neurons and neurogliocytes (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia) are essential for maintaining homeostasis of the microenvironment in the central nervous system (CNS). These cells have been shown to support cell-cell communication via multiple mechanisms, most recently by the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Since EVs carry a variety of cargoes of nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins and mediate intercellular communication, they have been the hotspot of diagnosis and treatment. The mechanisms underlying CNS disorders include angiogenesis, autophagy, apoptosis, cell death, and inflammation, and cell-EVs have been revealed to be involved in these pathological processes. Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. It results in serious neurological and physical dysfunction and even leads to heavy economic and social burdens. Although a large number of researchers have reported that EVs derived from these cells play a vital role in regulating multiple pathological mechanisms in ischemic stroke, the specific interactional relationships and mechanisms between specific cell-EVs and stroke treatment have not been clearly described. This review aims to summarize the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of specific cell-EVs on ischemia. Additionally, this study emphasizes that these EVs are involved in stroke treatment by inhibiting and activating various signaling pathways such as ncRNAs, TGF-β1, and NF-κB.

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Non-Coding RNA and Frizzled Receptors in Cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 92 publications

Circular RNAs modulate Hippo-YAP signaling: functional mechanisms in cancer

Circular RNAs modulate Hippo-YAP signaling: functional mechanisms in cancer

Towards Unravelling the Role of ERα-Targeting miRNAs in the Exosome-Mediated Transferring of the Hormone Resistance

The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicle Derived From Neurons/Neurogliocytes in Central Nervous System Diseases: Novel Insights Into Ischemic Stroke

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