Non beverage alcohols in Russia: Were they still consumed for drinking in 2015–2017?

Gil, Artyom; Хальфин, Р А; Ilchenko, I.; Krinitsky, S M; Kosagovskaya, I.; Fattakhova, L.

doi:10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.027

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…They were typically at least 60% by volume ethanol (as indicated on the bottle label) and cost less than 45 roubles ($0.57, €0.49, £0.44) per bottle. Purchased samples of non-beverage alcohols were compared with the types of non-beverage alcohols obtained during the previous availability survey (Gil et al, 2009), and with those reported to have been consumed for drinking by subjects with alcohol and substance use disorders in the narcology survey in the city of Kazan, which was conducted simultaneously with the first wave of availability survey (Gil et al, 2018a). The samples of non-beverage alcohols, which were sold in retail before the Irkutsk outbreak (in 2015 and 2016), were compared with those available after the outbreak (in 2017 and later).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interview of patients of narcological clinic conducted in the Siberian city of Novosibirsk in 2015 and 2016 identified consumption of diluted industrial alcohol, medicinal spirits, and windshield washer fluids (Neufeld et al, 2016). The survey conducted in 2015-2017 in a narcology clinic in the city of Kazan identified consumption of all major types of non-beverage alcohols sold in bottles of various sizes (from 25 ml to 500 ml) by subjects with alcohol and substance use disorders (Gil et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Consumption Of Non-beverage Alcohols Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important policies directed at non-beverage alcohols included the introduction of new denaturing additives (gasoline, kerosene, crotonaldehyde, denatonium benzoate), reducing the volume of a bottle of medicinal tinctures down to 25 ml, set up of The Unified State Automated Information System (EGAIS) for monitoring volumes of produced and distributed alcohol, the introduction in response to 2016 Irkutsk outbreak of alcohol poisonings of series of temporary bans followed by a permanent ban on sales of cheap non-beverage alcohols with an ethanol concentration of more than 28%, strengthening administrative and criminal sanctions for illegal production and distribution of alcohol. However, in spite of all these implemented measures, apart from the documented continued misuse of nonbeverage alcohols (Bobrova et al, 2009;Koshkina et al, 2013;Kholdin et al, 2014;Neufeld et al, 2016;Zobnin et al, 2017;Neufeld et al, 2018;Gil et al, 2018a), several reports suggested that suitable for drinking non-beverage alcohols may have remained highly physically available. For example, the availability survey conducted in 2007 showed that non-beverage alcohols, such as fake perfumes and medicinal spirits, were readily available immediately after the implementation of 2005-2006 control regulations (Gil et al, 2009).…”

Section: Consumption Of Non-beverage Alcohols Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Table 2, all major types of nonbeverage alcohols, which have been reported in Kazan narcology survey as being consumed for drinking (Gil et al, 2018a), were purchased, except for spirituous window cleansers and antiicers. The identified in retail samples of window cleansers and anti-icers were deliberately not purchased.…”

Section: Availability Of Non-beverage Alcohols In 2015-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly consumed nonbeverage alcohols reported in studies include spirituous fake aftershave lotions and perfumes, medicinal tinctures and antiseptics, and concentrated technical ethanol used for a variety of technical purposes in different industries (Gil et al, 2018a. Non-beverage alcohols shall be distinguished from the homebrewed alcohols, such as the strong ones as "samogon" (home-brewed in Russia distilled moonshine) and those with low alcohol content as wines and "braga" (home-brewed in Russia not distilled alcoholic drink derived from the fast fermentation of products rich with carbohydrates, with an alcohol concentration below 8%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Availability of Non-Beverage Alcohols in Russia in 2015-2020: Were Control Policies Implemented Since 2005 Effective?

Gil¹,

Savchuk²,

Appolonova³

et al. 2021

JLPPHS

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Consumption of non-beverage alcohol is an important aspect of hazardous drinking, impacting mortality from various causes of death. Since 2005, non-beverage alcohols in Russia have been the subject of active regulation to control their consumption for drinking. This study was purported to determine whether non-beverage alcohols were available in Russia in 2015–2020 to assess the effectiveness of implemented control policies. During the first wave of the survey between 2015 and 2017, 50 Russian cities of various sizes, types, and locations were surveyed. The second wave was conducted between 2018 and 2020 in 5 cities, which were surveyed during the first wave. Fieldworkers visited various retail outlets and purchased samples of non-beverage alcohols: spirituous liquids with an ethanol content of at least 60% by volume sold at a price of less than 45 roubles per bottle ($0.57, €0.49, £0.44). Up until 2016 various types of non-beverage alcohols known as consumed for drinking were available in retail. The availability of these alcohols differed between cities depending on the level of local enforcement of control regulations. The regulations enacted in response to the 2016 Irkutsk outbreak of mass alcohol poisonings, caused by the consumption of methanol containing fake bath additive “Hawthorn”, removed from the market several types of non-beverage alcohols, significantly reducing their availability since 2017. However, low-cost ethanol sources, such as medicinal tinctures, antiseptics, not denatured eau-de-colognes, remained available in 2017-2020, while new sorts of cheap non-beverage alcohols suitable for drinking were introduced to the market (antiseptics for veterinary use, anti-SARS-CoV-2 hand sanitizers). Illegal alcoholic beverages commonly produced from diverted pharmaceutical/medicinal ethanol were also available in retail networks selling non-beverage alcohols. Since 2005, policies implemented and especially those reinforced and newly enacted in 2017 and later in response to the 2016 Irkutsk outbreak, may have indeed reduced the physical availability of non-beverage alcohols. However, more decisive action is still required to prevent consumption of newly appearing and existing specific sorts of non-beverage alcohols and illegal alcoholic beverages, which are commonly produced from the licit or diverted from the legal market unrecorded illicit pharmaceutical/medicinal ethanol.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumption Of Non-beverage Alcohols Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumption Of Non-beverage Alcohols Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Availability Of Non-beverage Alcohols In 2015-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Availability of Non-Beverage Alcohols in Russia in 2015-2020: Were Control Policies Implemented Since 2005 Effective?

Gil¹,

Savchuk²,

Appolonova³

et al. 2021

JLPPHS

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Hazardous alcohol consumption in slow- and fast-privatized Russian industrial towns

Gugushvili,

Azarova,

Irdam

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Hazardous drinking, defined as the consumption of homemade, unofficially made alcohol and non-beverages, is prevalent and accounts for a high proportion of alcohol-related deaths in Russia. Individual-level characteristics are important explanations of hazardous drinking, but they are unlikely to explain spatial variation in this type of alcohol consumption. Areas that attracted insufficient attention in the research of hazardous drinking are the legacy of industrialization and the speed of economic reforms, mainly through the privatization policy of major enterprises in the 1990s. Applying mixed-effects logistic regressions to a unique dataset from 30 industrial towns in the European part of Russia, we find that in addition to individual-level characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, education, social isolation, labor market status, and material deprivation, the types of towns where informants’ relatives resided such as industrial structure and speed of privatization also accounted for the variance in hazardous alcohol consumption among both male and female populations of the analyzed towns.

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Non-Beverage Alcohol Consumption In Izhevsk: 15 Years Later

Korotayev

Khaltourina

Шишкина

et al. 2020

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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Aims Non-beverage alcohol was a major cause of preventable mortality of working-age males in Izhevsk (Russia) in 2003–2004. The Russian government has since taken measures to reduce availability of non-beverage alcohol. Yet, some types of non-beverage alcohol still remain available for consumers. The aim of this study was to assess the availability and sources of non-beverage alcohol in Udmurtia. Methods A survey of adults on the streets of Izhevsk and its environs was performed on workdays to assess non-beverage drinking patterns in 2018. The questionnaire included questions about socio-demographic status and alcohol use, including non-beverage alcohol consumption and drinking patterns. Results One hundred and sixty-eight people were questioned, of whom, 28% reported consuming non-beverage alcohol. Non-beverage alcohol consumers were more likely to be single, unemployed or retired, younger or older than 19–29 years, have lower educational status and income, have hangovers and drink moonshine. Conclusion Non-beverage alcohol consumption still took place at Izhevsk, a typical Russian city, in 2018, and its availability was still high. Untaxed and cheap medicinal non-beverage alcohol consumption seems to have become the major source of non-beverage alcohol consumption. Further regulation of non-beverage alcohol may be required in Russia.

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Non beverage alcohols in Russia: Were they still consumed for drinking in 2015–2017?

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Availability of Non-Beverage Alcohols in Russia in 2015-2020: Were Control Policies Implemented Since 2005 Effective?

Availability of Non-Beverage Alcohols in Russia in 2015-2020: Were Control Policies Implemented Since 2005 Effective?

Hazardous alcohol consumption in slow- and fast-privatized Russian industrial towns

Non-Beverage Alcohol Consumption In Izhevsk: 15 Years Later

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