Non-B HIV Type 1 Subtypes among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Rome, Italy

Giuliani, Massimo; Montieri, Stefania; Palamara, Guido; Latini, Alessandra; Alteri, Claudia; Perno, Carlo Federico; Santoro, Maria Mercedes; Rezza, Giovanni; Ciccozzi, Massimo

doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0175

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…10 Secondly, 18/22 (82%) individuals in this outbreak self-identified as MSM, representing 33% of the 55 Italian MSMs newly diagnosed in our Institute between 2009 and 2011, 38% (21/55) of whom had non-B subtypes. This latter figure, much higher than that (8.2%) found previously, 15 suggests that viral diversity is increasing in a risk group with a predominantly harbored B subtype. However, the overall proportion of non-B viruses (34.5%) among Italian natives diagnosed with HIV infection during a 3-year period, far higher than previously reported, 7 further reflects the increasing heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic in our country.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

An outbreak of HIV-1 BC recombinants in Southern Italy

Monno

Brindicci

Lai

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

An outbreak of HIV-1 BC recombinants in Southern Italy

Monno

Brindicci

Lai

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…32,33 In a recent analysis of the internode intervals of the dated clades, Lewis et al 30 estimated a median time of 14 months between transmission events, whereas we estimated a median of 30 months. However, as our sample size was smaller, it is highly probable that only a small fraction of the actual members of a epidemiological cluster were sampled and so the actual average time between events should be shorter than our estimate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Population Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype B in a Cohort of Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Rome, Italy

Zehender

Ebranati

Lai

et al. 2010

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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A recent increase in HIV diagnoses among men-having-sex-with-men (MSM) has been shown by surveillance data from Europe and Italy, and new approaches to inferring viral population dynamics from heterochronously sampled gene sequences have been developed. The aim of this study was to reconstruct the epidemiological history of HIV-1 subtype B in a homogeneous group of Italian MSM using a coalescent-based Bayesian framework. A total of 125 HIV-1 subtype B pol sequences were analyzed using Bayesian methods and a relaxed molecular clock to reconstruct their dated phylogeny and estimate population dynamics. At least 10 epidemiological clusters of 3-9 isolates were identified: half including the largest clades originated in the early 1990s and the other half radiated from 1999. Demographic analysis showed that the HIV epidemic grew in accordance with a logistic model characterized by a rapid exponential increase in the effective number of infections (r = 1.54 year) starting from the early 1980s and reaching a plateau 10 years later. Our data suggest that the HIV B epidemic entered our MSM population through multiple transmission chains about 20 years later than in other Western European country. Epidemiological clusters originating in the early 2000s suggest a recent re-emergence of HIV in Italian MSM.

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“…HIV-1 subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis of pol region sequences, as previously described. 36 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 CRF02_AG in Cameroon and African Patients Living in Italy

Véras

Santoro

Gray

et al. 2011

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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HIV-1 CRF02_AG accounts for > 50% of infected individuals in Cameroon. CRF02_AG prevalence has been increasing both in Africa and Europe, particularly in Italy because of migrations from the sub-Saharan region. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of CRF02_AG in Cameroon by employing Bayesian phylodynamics and analyzed the relationship between HIV-1 CRF02_AG isolates circulating in Italy and those prevalent in Africa to understand the link between the two epidemics. Among 291 Cameroonian reverse transcriptase sequences analyzed, about 70% clustered within three distinct clades, two of which shared a most recent common ancestor, all related to sequences from Western Africa. The major Cameroonian clades emerged during the mid-1970s and slowly spread during the next 30 years. Little or no geographic structure was detected within these clades. One of the major driving forces of the epidemic was likely the high accessibility between locations in Southern Cameroon contributing to the mobility of the population. The remaining Cameroonian sequences and the new strains isolated from Italian patients were interspersed mainly within West and Central African sequences in the tree, indicating a continuous exchange of CRF02_AG viral strains between Cameroon and other African countries, as well as multiple independent introductions in the Italian population. The evaluation of the spread of CRF02_AG may provide significant insight about the future dynamics of the Italian and European epidemic.

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Non-B HIV Type 1 Subtypes among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Rome, Italy

Cited by 19 publications

References 55 publications

An outbreak of HIV-1 BC recombinants in Southern Italy

An outbreak of HIV-1 BC recombinants in Southern Italy

Population Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype B in a Cohort of Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Rome, Italy

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 CRF02_AG in Cameroon and African Patients Living in Italy

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